NDLI: Detection of fullerenes (C60 and C70) in commercial cosmetics.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Benn, Troy M. Westerhoff, Paul Herckes, Pierre
Description	Country affiliation: United States Author Affiliation: Benn TM ( School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5306, USA. Troy.Benn@asu.edu)
Abstract	Detection methods are necessary to quantify fullerenes in commercial applications to provide potential exposure levels for future risk assessments of fullerene technologies. The fullerene concentrations of five cosmetic products were evaluated using liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry to separate and specifically detect C60 and C70 from interfering cosmetic substances (e.g., castor oil). A cosmetic formulation was characterized with transmission electron microscopy, which confirmed that polyvinylpyrrolidone encapsulated C60. Liquid-liquid extraction of fullerenes from control samples approached 100% while solid-phase and sonication in toluene extractions yielded recoveries of 27-42%. C60 was detected in four commercial cosmetics ranging from 0.04 to 1.1 µg/g, and C70 was qualitatively detected in two samples. A single-use quantity of cosmetic (0.5 g) may contain up to 0.6 µg of C60, demonstrating a pathway for human exposure. Steady-state modeling of fullerene adsorption to biosolids is used to discuss potential environmental releases from wastewater treatment systems.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	02697491
e-ISSN	18736424
DOI	10.1016/j.envpol.2011.01.018
Journal	Environmental Pollution
Issue Number	5
Volume Number	159
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier
Publisher Date	2011-05-01
Publisher Place	Great Britain (UK)
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Discipline Environmental Discipline Science Cosmetics Chemistry Fullerenes Isolation & Purification Models, Chemical Povidone Analogs & Derivatives Solid Phase Extraction Comparative Study Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't Research Support, U.s. Gov't, Non-p.h.s.
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Pollution Medicine Toxicology

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