NDLI: RNA-directed DNA methylation regulates parental genomic imprinting at several loci in Arabidopsis.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Vu, Thiet Minh Nakamura, Miyuki Calarco, Joseph P. Susaki, Daichi Lim, Pei Qi Kinoshita, Tetsu Higashiyama, Tetsuya Martienssen, Robert A. Berger, Frédéric
Description	Author Affiliation: Vu TM ( Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, 1 Research Link, National University of Singapore, 117604 Singapore.)
Abstract	In mammals and plants, parental genomic imprinting restricts the expression of specific loci to one parental allele. Imprinting in mammals relies on sex-dependent de novo deposition of DNA methylation during gametogenesis but a comparable mechanism was not shown in plants. Rather, paternal silencing by the maintenance DNA methyltransferase 1 (MET1) and maternal activation by the DNA demethylase DEMETER (DME) cause maternal expression. However, genome-wide studies suggested other DNA methylation-dependent imprinting mechanisms. Here, we show that de novo RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) regulates imprinting at specific loci expressed in endosperm. RdDM in somatic tissues is required to silence expression of the paternal allele. By contrast, the repression of RdDM in female gametes participates with or without DME requirement in the activation of the maternal allele. The contrasted activity of DNA methylation between male and female gametes appears sufficient to prime imprinted maternal expression. After fertilization, MET1 maintains differential expression between the parental alleles. RdDM depends on small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). The involvement of RdDM in imprinting supports the idea that sources of siRNAs such as transposons and de novo DNA methylation were recruited in a convergent manner in plants and mammals in the evolutionary process leading to selection of imprinted loci.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	09501991
e-ISSN	14779129
DOI	10.1242/dev.092981
Journal	Development
Issue Number	14
Volume Number	140
Language	English
Publisher	The Company of Biologists
Publisher Date	2013-07-01
Publisher Place	Great Britain (UK)
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Discipline Developmental Discipline Biology Arabidopsis Genetics Dna Methylation Dna, Plant Gene Expression Regulation, Plant Genomic Imprinting Metabolism Endosperm Rna, Plant Rna, Small Interfering Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Developmental Biology Molecular Biology

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RNA-directed DNA methylation regulates parental genomic imprinting at several loci in Arabidopsis

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