NDLI: Seroprevalence of Rift Valley fever virus in sheep and goats in Zambézia, Mozambique

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Foreword

One Health training, research, and outreach in North America

One Health training and research activities in Western Europe

One Health research and training and government support for One Health in South Asia

One Health research and training in Australia and New Zealand

One Health in China

One Health capacity building in sub-Saharan Africa

Seroprevalence of Rift Valley fever virus in sheep and goats in Zambézia, Mozambique

Content Provider	Taylor & Francis Online
Author	Fafetine, José Scharin, Isabelle Nhambirre, Ofélia Berg, Mikael Figueiredo, Jaquline Stenberg, Hedvig Abilio, Ana Blomström, Anne-Lie
Abstract	BackgroundThe Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is a vector-borne virus that causes disease in ruminants, but it can also infect humans. In humans, the infection can be asymptomatic but can also lead to illness, ranging from a mild disease with fever, headache and muscle pain to a severe disease with encephalitis and haemorrhagic fever. In rare cases, death can occur. In infected animals, influenza-like symptoms can occur, and abortion and mortality in young animals are indicative of RVFV infection. Since the initial outbreak in Kenya in the 1930s, the virus has become endemic to most of sub-Saharan Africa. In 2000, the virus appeared in Yemen and Saudi Arabia; this was the first outbreak of RVF outside of Africa. Rift Valley fever epidemics are often connected to heavy rainfall, leading to an increased vector population and spread of the virus to animals and/or humans. However, the virus needs to be maintained during the inter-epidemic periods. In this study, we investigated the circulation of RVFV in small ruminants (goats and sheep) in Zambézia, Mozambique, an area with a close vector/wildlife/livestock/human interface.Materials and methodsBetween September and October 2013, 181 sheep and 187 goat blood samples were collected from eight localities in the central region of Zambézia, Mozambique. The samples were analysed for the presence of antibodies against RVFV using a commercial competitive ELISA.Results and discussionThe overall seroprevalence was higher in sheep (44.2%) than goats (25.1%); however, there was a high variation in seroprevalence between different localities. The data indicate an increased seroprevalence for sheep compared to 2010, when a similar study was conducted in this region and in overlapping villages. No noticeable health problems in the herds were reported.ConclusionsThis study shows an inter-epidemic circulation of RVFV in small ruminants in Zambézia, Mozambique. Neither outbreaks of RVF nor typical clinical signs of RVFV have been reported in the investigated herds, indicating subclinical infection.
File Format	PDF HTM / HTML
ISSN	20008686
DOI	10.3402/iee.v6.31343
Journal	Infection Ecology & Epidemiology
Volume Number	6
Issue Number	1
Language	English
Publisher	Taylor & Francis
Publisher Date	2016-07-04
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Rift Valley fever virus Mozambique Zambézia Seroprevalence Goats Sheep
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Environmental Science Epidemiology 2300/2301

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