NDLI: Functional roles of taurine, L-theanine, L-citrulline, and betaine during heat stress in poultry

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Uyanga, Victoria Anthony Oke, Emmanuel O. Amevor, Felix Kwame Zhao, Jingpeng Wang, Xiaojuan Jiao, Hongchao Onagbesan, Okanlawon M. Lin, Hai
Abstract	Heat stress (HS) is an important environmental stress factor affecting poultry production on a global scale. With the rise in ambient temperature and increasing effects of global warming, it becomes pertinent to understand the effects of HS on poultry production and the strategies that can be adopted to mitigate its detrimental impacts on the performance, health, welfare, immunity, and survival of birds. Amino acids (AAs) have been increasingly adopted as nutritional modifiers in animals to ameliorate the adverse effects of HS. They are essential for protein synthesis, growth, maintenance, reproduction, immunity, stress response, and whole-body homeostasis. However, HS tends to adversely affect the availability, transport, absorption, and utilization of these AAs. Studies have investigated the provision of these AAs to poultry during HS conditions, and variable findings have been reported. Taurine, L-theanine, and L-citrulline are non-essential amino acids that are increasingly gaining attention as nutritional supplements in HS animals. Similarly, betaine is an amino acid derivative that possesses favorable biological properties which contributes to its role as a functional additive during HS. Of particular note, taurine is negligible in plants, while betaine, L-theanine, and L-citrulline can be found in selected plants. These nutrients are barely found in feed ingredients, but their supply has been shown to elicit important physiological roles including anti-stress effects, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, gut promoting, and immunomodulatory functions. The present review provides information on the use of these nutritionally and physiologically beneficial nutrients as functional additives to poultry diets during HS conditions. Presently, although several studies have reported on the positive effects of these additives in human and murine studies, however, there is limited information regarding their utilization during heat stress in poultry nutrition. Therefore, this review aims to expound on the functional properties of these nutrients, their potentials for HS alleviation, and to stimulate further researches on their biological roles in poultry nutrition.
Related Links	https://jasbsci.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40104-022-00675-6.pdf
Ending Page	20
Page Count	20
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	20491891
DOI	10.1186/s40104-022-00675-6
Journal	Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	13
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2022-03-10
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Agriculture Biotechnology Food Science Animal Genetics and Genomics Animal Physiology Amino acids Antioxidant Heat Stress Immunity Inflammation Nutrition Performance Poultry
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Review
Subject	Biochemistry Food Science Animal Science and Zoology Biotechnology
Journal Impact Factor	6.3/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	6.4/2023

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