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| Content Provider | Springer Nature : BioMed Central |
|---|---|
| Author | Usui, Takami Suzuki, Kazufumi Niinami, Hiroshi Sakai, Shuji |
| Abstract | Background Aortic dissection is one of the causes of stroke. Because cerebral infarction with aortic dissection is a contraindication to intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) therapy, exclusion of aortic dissection is necessary prior to its administration. However, imaging takes time to provide a diagnosis, possibly causing delays in surgical treatment. Case presentation A 65-year-old Japanese female patient was transported to the hospital for a suspected stroke, with back pain and left upper and lower extremity palsy which occurred while eating. Upon arrival at the hospital, the left lower limb paralysis had improved, but the left upper limb paralysis remained. Right back pain had also developed. A plain head computed tomography (CT) scan performed 110 minutes after onset showed no acute bleeding or infarction. Subsequent CT perfusion (CTP) showed acute perfusion disturbance in the right hemisphere without infarction, known as ischemic penumbra. The four-dimensional maximum-intensity projection image reconstructed from CTP showed a delayed enhancement at the right internal carotid and right middle cerebral arteries compared to the contralateral side, suggesting a proximal vascular lesion. Contrast helical CT from the neck to abdomen revealed an acute aortic dissection of Stanford type A with false lumen patency. The dissection extended to the proximal right common carotid artery. The patient underwent an emergency total arch replacement and open stent graft. After recovering well, the patient was ambulatory upon discharge from the hospital. The combination of plain head CT, CTP, and helical CT scan from the neck to abdomen enabled us to evaluate for stroke and aortic dissection within a short amount of time, allowing for early therapeutic intervention. Conclusions When acute stroke is suspected due to neurological deficits, plain head CT is the first choice for imaging diagnosis. The addition of cervical CT angiography can reliably exclude stroke due to aortic dissection. CTP can identify ischemic penumbra, which cannot be diagnosed by plain head CT or diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. These combined stroke CT protocols helped us avoid missing an aortic dissection. |
| Related Links | https://jmedicalcasereports.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13256-021-02850-1.pdf |
| Ending Page | 6 |
| Page Count | 6 |
| Starting Page | 1 |
| File Format | HTM / HTML |
| ISSN | 17521947 |
| DOI | 10.1186/s13256-021-02850-1 |
| Journal | Journal of Medical Case Reports |
| Issue Number | 1 |
| Volume Number | 15 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | BioMed Central |
| Publisher Date | 2021-05-26 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Medicine Public Health General Practice Family Medicine Primary Care Medicine Surgical Oncology Internal Medicine Computed tomography perfusion Acute cerebral infarction Stroke Acute aortic dissociation Medicine/Public Health |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Case study |
| Subject | Medicine |
| Journal Impact Factor | 0.9/2023 |
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