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| Content Provider | Springer Nature : BioMed Central |
|---|---|
| Author | Machiels, Melanie van Montfoort, Maurits L. Thuijs, Nikki B. van Berge Henegouwen, Mark I. Alderliesten, Tanja Meijer, Sybren L. van Hooft, Jeanin E. Hulshof, Maarten C. C. M. |
| Abstract | Objective The microscopic tumor spread (MS) beyond the macroscopic tumor borders of esophageal tumors is crucial for determining the clinical target volume (CTV) in radiotherapy. The question arises whether current voluminous CTV margins of 3–5 cm around the macroscopic gross tumor volume (GTV) to account for MS are still accurate when fiducial markers are used for GTV determination. We aimed to pathologically validate the use of fiducial markers placed on the (echo)endoscopically determined tumor border (EDTB) as a surrogate for macroscopic tumor borders and to analyse the MS beyond EDTBs. Methods Thirty-three consecutive esophageal cancer patients treated with neo-adjuvant chemoradiotherapy after (echo)endoscopic fiducial marker implantation at cranial and caudal EDTB were included in this study. Fiducial marker positions were detected in the surgical specimens under CT guidance and demarcated with beads, and subsequently analysed for macroscopic tumor spread and MS beyond the demarcations. A logistic regression analysis was performed to determine predicting factors for MS beyond EDTB. Results A total of 60 EDTBs were examined in 32 patients. In 50% of patients no or only partial regression of tumor in response to therapy (≥Mandard 3) or higher was seen (i.e., residual tumor group) and included for MS analysis. None had macroscopic tumor spread beyond EDTBs. In the residual tumor group, only 20 and 21% of the cranial and caudal EDTBs were crossed with a maximum of 9 mm and 16 mm MS, respectively. This MS was corrected for each individual determined contraction rate (mean: 93%). Presence of MS beyond EDTB was significantly associated with initial tumor length (p = 0.028). Conclusion Our results validate the use of fiducial markers on EDTB as a surrogate for macroscopic tumor and indicate that CTV margins around the GTV to compensate for MS along the esophageal wall can be limited to 1–1.5 cm, when the GTV is determined with fiducial markers. |
| Related Links | https://ro-journal.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13014-019-1419-5.pdf |
| Ending Page | 8 |
| Page Count | 8 |
| Starting Page | 1 |
| File Format | HTM / HTML |
| DOI | 10.1186/s13014-019-1419-5 |
| Journal | Radiation Oncology |
| Issue Number | 1 |
| Volume Number | 14 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | BioMed Central |
| Publisher Date | 2019-12-04 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Cancer Research Oncology Radiotherapy Imaging Radiology Esophageal cancer Microscopic tumor spread Clinical target volume Endoscopy Fiducial markers |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging Oncology |
| Journal Impact Factor | 3.3/2023 |
| 5-Year Journal Impact Factor | 3.6/2023 |
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