NDLI: The influence of water content on the longitudinal modulus of elasticity of maize stalk pith and rind tissues

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Sutherland, Brandon Steele, Kirsten Carter, Joseph Cook, Douglas D.
Abstract	Background Modern computational modeling could provide the key to obtaining new insights into the mechanisms of maize stalk failure as well as suggesting new ways to improve stalk strength. However, a complete set of mechanical properties of maize tissues is required to enable computational modeling of maize stems. This study developed two compression test methods for obtaining the longitudinal modulus of elasticity of both rind and pith tissues, assessed the influence of water content on tissue properties, and investigated the relationship between rind modulus and pith modulus. These methods involved uniform 5–7 cm segments of maize stems which were scanned using a flatbed scanner then tested in compression using a universal testing machine in both intact and dissected (rind-only and pith-only) states. Results The modulus of elasticity of pith tissues was highest for fully turgid specimens and decreased as water was removed from the specimens. Water content was negatively correlated with the modulus of elasticity of the rind. Rind and pith tissues were found to be weakly correlated. The median ratio of rind modulus to pith modulus was found to be 17. Of the two methods investigated, the pith-only specimen preparation was found to be simple reliable while the rind-only method was found to be adversely affected by lateral bowing of the specimen. Conclusions Researchers can use the information in this paper to improve computational models of maize stems in three ways: (1) by incorporating realistic values of the longitudinal modulus of elasticity of pith and rind tissues; (2) by selecting pith and rind properties that match empirically observed ratios; and (3) by incorporating appropriate dependencies between these material properties and water content. From an experimental perspective, the intact/pith-only experimental method outlined in this paper is simpler than previously reported methods and provides reliable estimates of both pith and rind modulus of elasticity values. Further research using this measurement method is recommended to more clearly understand the influence of water content and turgor pressure on tissue properties.
Related Links	https://plantmethods.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13007-023-01039-5.pdf
Ending Page	11
Page Count	11
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	17464811
DOI	10.1186/s13007-023-01039-5
Journal	Plant Methods
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	19
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2023-06-30
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Plant Sciences Biological Techniques Modulus of elasticity Maize Pith Rind Water content
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Plant Science Biotechnology Genetics
Journal Impact Factor	4.7/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	5.6/2023

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