NDLI: Orofacial findings and orthodontic treatment conditions in patients with down syndrome

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Möhlhenrich, Stephan Christian Schmidt, Peter Chhatwani, Sachin Kniha, Kristian Tsipkis, Alan Jackowski, Joachim Schulte, Andreas G. Danesh, Gholamreza
Abstract	Introduction The most common chromosomal anomaly is Down syndrome/Trisomy 21, which can be associated with varying degrees of intellectual disability and physical malformation. Specific orofacial characteristics regarding orthodontic treatment options and features are described on the basis of a patient collective from the Witten/Herdecke University, Germany. Methods Data of 20 patients (14 boys and 6 girls, mean age: 11.69 ± 3.94 years) who underwent orthodontic treatment between July 2011 and May 2022 were analyzed. Baseline skeletal and dental conditions were assessed, as well as the presence of hypodontia, displacements, and treatment-related root resorptions. The treatment need was evaluated based on the main findings according to the German KIG classification. In addition, treatment success was determined in relation to patient compliance. Results The patient group was characterized predominantly by a class III relationship (ΔANB: −2.07 ± 3.90°; ΔWITS: −3.91 ± 4.33 mm) and a brachyfacial cranial configuration (ΔML-NL: −4.38 ± 7.05°, ΔArGoMe: − 8.45 ± 10.06°). The transversal discrepancy of the dental arch width from maxilla to mandible was −0.91 ± 3.44 mm anteriorly and −4.4 ± 4.12 mm posteriorly. Considering the orthodontic indication groups, the most frequent initial finding and treatment indication represented hypodontia (85%), followed by frontal (75%) and unilateral lateral (35%) crossbite. In 55% of the cases, the teeth had a regular shape, but in 35% a generalized and in 15% an isolated hypoplasia. Only 25% of the patients could be treated with a fixed multiband appliance due to sufficient cooperation. In each of these patients, varying degrees of root resorptions were detected during treatment, and 45% of all treatments had to be terminated prematurely due to a lack of cooperation by patients or parents. Conclusion The extent of dental and skeletal malformations and the high rate of findings requiring treatment in patients with Down syndrome represent a significant indication for orthodontic therapy, which can be well illustrated by the KIG classification. However, this is in contrast to the eventually increased risk of root resorption, with significantly reduced patient cooperation. A compromised treatment outcome and process must be expected. Consequently, the orthodontic treatment must be simple and realistic to achieve fast and therapeutically satisfactory treatment result.
Related Links	https://head-face-med.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13005-023-00362-5.pdf
Ending Page	13
Page Count	13
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
DOI	10.1186/s13005-023-00362-5
Journal	Head & Face Medicine
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	19
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2023-05-06
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Otorhinolaryngology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Dentistry Head and Neck Surgery Down syndrome Trisomy 21 Orthodontic therapy Orthodontic treatment need Malocclusion
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Otorhinolaryngology Neurology (clinical) Dentistry
Journal Impact Factor	2.4/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	2.9/2023

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