NDLI: Exposure to hyperbaric O2 levels leads to blood-brain barrier breakdown in rodents

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Danino, Yehuda M. Rabinovitz, Ricarina Kirshenboim, Inbar Palzur, Eilam Pick, Chaim G. Ish-Shalom, Itamar Golovkin, Yana Arieli, Yehuda
Abstract	Introduction Hyperbaric oxygen has been used as a medical treatment tool in hyperbaric chambers and is an integral part of professional and combat divers’ activity. In extreme cases, exposure to hyperbaric oxygen can develop central nervous system oxygen toxicity (CNS-OT), which leads to seizures and eventually death. CNS-OT is caused by neuronal hyperactivity due to high oxygen levels, potentially damaging brain cells including the blood-brain barrier (BBB). However, the effect of hyperbaric oxygen levels on the healthy BBB has not been characterized directly yet. Methods Six or three different groups of ~ eight rats or mice, respectively, were exposed to increasing levels of partial pressure of oxygen (0.21 to 5 ATA) in a hyperbaric chamber, followed by MRI scanning with gadolinium. Statistical significance (adjusted p-value ≤ 0.05) was assessed using linear regression and ordinary one-way (rats) or two-way (mice) ANOVA with correction of multiple comparison tests. In rats, the effect of 100% oxygen at 5 ATA was independently validated using FITC-Dextran (5 kDa). Statistical significance (p-value ≤ 0.05) was assessed using Welch’s t-test and effect size was calculated by Cohen’s D. Results In rats, analyzed MRI scans showed a significant trend of increase in the % gadolinium in brain tissues as a result of hyperbaric oxygen pressures (p-value = 0.0079). The most significant increase was measured at 4 ATA compared to air (adjusted p-value = 0.0461). Significant increased FITC-Dextran levels were measured in the rats’ brains under 100% oxygen at 5 ATA versus air (p-value = 0.0327; Effect size = 2.0). In mice, a significant increase in gadolinium penetration into the hippocampus and frontal cortex was measured over time (adjusted p-value < 0.05) under 100% oxygen at 3 and 5 ATA versus air, and between the treatments (adjusted p-value < 0.0001). Conclusions The BBB is increasingly disrupted due to higher levels of hyperbaric oxygen in rodents, indicating a direct relation between hyperbaric oxygen and BBB dysregulation for the first time. We suggest considering this risk in different diving activities, and protocols using a hyperbaric chamber. On the other hand, this study highlights the potential therapeutic usage of hyperbaric oxygen for controlled drug delivery through the BBB into brain tissues in different brain-related diseases.
Related Links	https://fluidsbarrierscns.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12987-024-00543-7.pdf
Ending Page	8
Page Count	8
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	20458118
DOI	10.1186/s12987-024-00543-7
Journal	Fluids and Barriers of the CNS
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	21
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2024-05-16
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Neurosciences Hematology Neurobiology BBB Permeability 100% oxygen Atmospheric absolute Hyperbaric chamber CNS oxygen toxicity CNS-OT Rats Mice
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Neurology Developmental Neuroscience Medicine Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
Journal Impact Factor	5.9/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	7.5/2023

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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