NDLI: Interactions of brain, blood, and CSF: a novel mathematical model of cerebral edema

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Doron, Omer Zadka, Yuliya Barnea, Ofer Rosenthal, Guy
Abstract	Background Previous models of intracranial pressure (ICP) dynamics have not included flow of cerebral interstitial fluid (ISF) and changes in resistance to its flow when brain swelling occurs. We sought to develop a mathematical model that incorporates resistance to the bulk flow of cerebral ISF to better simulate the physiological changes that occur in pathologies in which brain swelling predominates and to assess the model’s ability to depict changes in cerebral physiology associated with cerebral edema. Methods We developed a lumped parameter model which includes a representation of cerebral ISF flow within brain tissue and its interactions with CSF flow and cerebral blood flow (CBF). The model is based on an electrical analog circuit with four intracranial compartments: the (1) subarachnoid space, (2) brain, (3) ventricles, (4) cerebral vasculature and the extracranial spinal thecal sac. We determined changes in pressure and volume within cerebral compartments at steady-state and simulated physiological perturbations including rapid injection of fluid into the intracranial space, hyperventilation, and hypoventilation. We simulated changes in resistance to flow or absorption of CSF and cerebral ISF to model hydrocephalus, cerebral edema, and to simulate disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Results The model accurately replicates well-accepted features of intracranial physiology including the exponential-like pressure–volume curve with rapid fluid injection, increased ICP pulse pressure with rising ICP, hydrocephalus resulting from increased resistance to CSF outflow, and changes associated with hyperventilation and hypoventilation. Importantly, modeling cerebral edema with increased resistance to cerebral ISF flow mimics key features of brain swelling including elevated ICP, increased brain volume, markedly reduced ventricular volume, and a contracted subarachnoid space. Similarly, a decreased resistance to flow of fluid across the BBB leads to an exponential-like rise in ICP and ventricular collapse. Conclusions The model accurately depicts the complex interactions that occur between pressure, volume, and resistances to flow in the different intracranial compartments under specific pathophysiological conditions. In modelling resistance to bulk flow of cerebral ISF, it may serve as a platform for improved modelling of cerebral edema and blood–brain barrier disruption that occur following brain injury.
Related Links	https://fluidsbarrierscns.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12987-021-00274-z.pdf
Ending Page	14
Page Count	14
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	20458118
DOI	10.1186/s12987-021-00274-z
Journal	Fluids and Barriers of the CNS
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	18
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2021-09-16
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Neurosciences Hematology Neurobiology ICP Cerebral edema Cerebral interstitial fluid Bulk flow CSF Outflow resistance Lumped parameter model Blood–brain barrier
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Neurology Developmental Neuroscience Medicine Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience
Journal Impact Factor	5.9/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	7.5/2023

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

Pulsatile flow drivers in brain parenchyma and perivascular spaces: a resistance network model study

Blood–brain and blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier permeability in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Blood–brain barrier and foetal-onset hydrocephalus, with a view on potential novel treatments beyond managing CSF flow

Transcriptomic analysis of a 3D blood–brain barrier model exposed to disturbed fluid flow

The role of plasmalemma vesicle-associated protein in pathological breakdown of blood–brain and blood–retinal barriers: potential novel therapeutic target for cerebral edema and diabetic macular edema

Blood–brain barrier and foetal-onset hydrocephalus, with a view on potential novel treatments beyond managing CSF flow

Phase-contrast MRI analysis of cerebral blood and CSF flow dynamic interactions

Learning to control ICP

Hydraulic resistance of periarterial spaces in the brain

Interactions of brain, blood, and CSF: a novel mathematical model of cerebral edema

Similar Documents

Pulsatile flow drivers in brain parenchyma and perivascular spaces: a resistance network model study

Blood–brain and blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier permeability in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Blood–brain barrier and foetal-onset hydrocephalus, with a view on potential novel treatments beyond managing CSF flow

Transcriptomic analysis of a 3D blood–brain barrier model exposed to disturbed fluid flow

The role of plasmalemma vesicle-associated protein in pathological breakdown of blood–brain and blood–retinal barriers: potential novel therapeutic target for cerebral edema and diabetic macular edema

Blood–brain barrier and foetal-onset hydrocephalus, with a view on potential novel treatments beyond managing CSF flow

Phase-contrast MRI analysis of cerebral blood and CSF flow dynamic interactions

Learning to control ICP

Hydraulic resistance of periarterial spaces in the brain

Interactions of brain, blood, and CSF: a novel mathematical model of cerebral edema