NDLI: Age- and sex-related differences of periodontal bone resorption, cognitive function, and immune state in APP/PS1 murine model of Alzheimer’s disease

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Chen, Huiwen Liao, Yue Zhang, Xu Shen, Hui Shang, Dihua He, Zhiyan Zhou, Wei Song, Zhongchen
Abstract	Background The existence of an interconnected mechanism between cognitive disorders and periodontitis has been confirmed by mounting evidence. However, the role of age or sex differences in this mechanism has been less studied. This study aims to investigate sex and age differences in the characterization of periodontal bone tissue, immune state and cognitive function in amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1(APP/PS1) murine model of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods Three- and twelve-month-old male and female APP/PS1 transgenic mice and wild-type (WT) littermates were used in this study. The Morris water maze (MWM) was used to assess cognitive function. The bone microarchitecture of the posterior maxillary alveolar bone was evaluated by microcomputed tomography (micro-CT). Pathological changes in periodontal bone tissue were observed by histological chemistry. The proportions of helper T cells1 (Th1), Th2, Th17 and regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and brain samples were assessed by flow cytometry. Results The learning ability and spatial memory of 12-month-old APP/PS1 mice was severely damaged. The changes in cognitive function were only correlated with age and genotype, regardless of sex. The 12-month-old APP/PS1 female mice exhibited markedly periodontal bone degeneration, evidenced by the decreased bone volume/total volume (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), and bone mineral density (BMD), and the increased trabecular separation (Tb.Sp). The altered periodontal bone microarchitecture was associated with genotype, age and females. The flow cytometry data showed the increased Th1 and Th17 cells and the decreased Th2 cells in the brain and PBMC samples of 12-month-old APP/PS1 mice, compared to age- and sex-matched WT mice. However, there was no statistical correlation between age or sex and this immune state. Conclusions Our data emphasize that age and sex are important variables to consider in evaluating periodontal bone tissue of APP/PS1 mice, and the cognitive impairment is more related to age. In addition, immune dysregulation (Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells) was found in the brain tissue and PBMCs of APP/PS1 mice, but this alteration of immune state was not statistically correlated with sex or age.
Related Links	https://jneuroinflammation.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12974-023-02790-1.pdf
Ending Page	14
Page Count	14
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	17422094
DOI	10.1186/s12974-023-02790-1
Journal	Journal of Neuroinflammation
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	20
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2023-06-27
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Neurosciences Neurology Neurobiology Immunology Alzheimer’s disease APP/PS1 Alveolar bone CD4+T cells Immune imbalance
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Neuroscience Immunology Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience Neurology
Journal Impact Factor	9.3/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	9.8/2023

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