NDLI: Gender- and age-related differences in the width of attached gingiva and clinical crown length in anterior teeth

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Jennes, Marie-Elise Sachse, Claudia Flügge, Tabea Preissner, Saskia Heiland, Max Nahles, Susanne
Abstract	Background The anatomical features of the gingiva and the clinical crowns and their interrelation, especially in aesthetically and functionally demanding areas, are important in complex dental or implant-retained prosthetic rehabilitations. This observational cross-sectional study was designed to evaluate gender- and age-related differences in the width of attached gingiva (WAG), the clinical crown length (CCL), and their interrelation in the anterior teeth to determine the relationship between the pink and white aesthetics. Methods Eighty (54 females, 26 males) fully dentate Caucasian participants between the ages of 20 and 25 years and 36 probands (23 females, 13 males) between the ages of 45 and 55 years were included in the present study. The CCL of the maxillary and mandibular canines, as well as the central incisors of the maxilla and mandible, were determined with a dental sliding caliper measuring from the middle margin of the gingiva at its deepest point to the incisal edge. The clinical investigation of the WAG was performed by inserting a periodontal probe into the gingival sulcus in the middle of the buccal surface to firstly measure the probing pocket depth. The distance between the gingival margin and mucogingival junction (MGJ) was then measured with a Beerendonk sliding caliper in the middle of the labial curvature, and the clinical WAG was determined by subtraction of the measured probing depth. For the statistical analysis, the Mann–Whitney U test, the Wilcoxon-Test, the Spearman’s rank correlation, and a two-factorial non-parametric analysis were used. Results There was no correlation between the CCL and the WAG in a healthy periodontium. Gender influenced the CCL, with men having significantly longer teeth than women in both maxilla (P ≤ 0.01) and mandible (P ≤ 0.05). Age did not influence the CCL significantly neither in the upper (P = 0.06) nor in the lower jaw (P = 0.33). Gender did not show to have a significant influence on the WAG of maxilla (P = 0.69) and mandible (P = 0.26). But differences in the WAG between young and old participants were observed in both upper (P ≤ 0.01) and lower jaw (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion The present observational study demonstrated that the mean values of cohorts with mixed age groups and genders should not be considered when attempting to determine the ideal relationships between the pink and white aesthetics since the statistical analyses showed significant differences between different age groups and genders.
Related Links	https://bmcoralhealth.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12903-021-01639-4.pdf
Ending Page	9
Page Count	9
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14726831
DOI	10.1186/s12903-021-01639-4
Journal	BMC Oral Health
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	21
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2021-06-04
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Dentistry Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Gender-related changes Age-related changes Attached gingiva Crown length
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Dentistry
Journal Impact Factor	2.6/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	3.2/2023

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