NDLI: Risk factors for postoperative pneumonia in patients undergoing hip fracture surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Han, Seung-Beom Kim, Sang-Bum Shin, Kyun-Ho
Abstract	Background Postoperative pneumonia (POP) is a devastating complication that can frequently occur after hip fracture surgery. This study aimed to quantitatively and comprehensively summarize the risk factors for POP following hip fracture surgery. Methods PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched for studies assessing risk factors for POP following hip fracture surgery. The pooled odds ratio (OR) and standardized mean difference (SMD) between patients with and without POP were calculated. Evidence was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale. Results Ten studies including 37,130 patients with hip fractures were selected. POP occurred in 1768 cases with an accumulated incidence of 7.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.061–0.094). Advanced age (SMD: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.10–0.90), male sex (OR: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.12–2.01), American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status scale ≥3 (OR: 3.17, 95% CI: 1.25–8.05), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR: 2.05, 95% CI: 1.43–2.94), coronary heart disease (OR: 1.82, 95% CI: 1.27–2.60), arrhythmia (OR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.04–2.15), congestive heart failure (OR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.14–1.75), chronic kidney disease (OR: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.28–3.41), and cerebrovascular accident (OR: 2.14, 95% CI: 1.60–2.85) were risk factors for POP. Hemoglobin (SMD: -0.14, 95% CI: − 0.25 to − 0.03), albumin (SMD: -0.97, 95% CI: − 1.54–-0.41), blood urea nitrogen (SMD: 0.20, 95% CI: 0.03–0.37), alanine aminotransferase (SMD: 0.27, 95% CI: 0.10–0.44), arterial oxygen pressure (SMD: -0.49, 95% CI: − 0.71–-0.27), time from injury to surgery (SMD: 0.13, 95% CI: 0.08–0.17), and surgery within 48 h (OR: 3.74, 95% CI: 2.40–5.85) were associated with the development of POP. Conclusion Patients with the aforementioned risk factors should be identified preoperatively, and related prophylaxis strategies should be implemented to prevent POP following hip fracture surgery.
Related Links	https://bmcmusculoskeletdisord.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12891-022-05497-1.pdf
Ending Page	11
Page Count	11
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14712474
DOI	10.1186/s12891-022-05497-1
Journal	BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	23
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2022-06-08
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Orthopedics Rehabilitation Rheumatology Sports Medicine Internal Medicine Epidemiology Pneumonia Hip fracture Hip surgery Postoperative complications Predictors Systematic reviews Meta-analysis
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Rheumatology
Journal Impact Factor	2.2/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	2.6/2023

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