NDLI: Bone mineral density at the hip and its relation to fat mass and lean mass in adolescents: the Tromsø Study, Fit Futures

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Winther, Anne Jørgensen, Lone Ahmed, Luai Awad Christoffersen, Tore Furberg, Anne-Sofie Grimnes, Guri Jorde, Rolf Nilsen, Ole Andreas Dennison, Elaine Emaus, Nina
Abstract	Background Positive association between body weight and bone mass is well established, and the concept of body mass index (BMI) is associated with higher areal bone mineral density (aBMD) and reduced fracture risk. BMI, that comprises both fat mass (FM) and lean mass (LM) may contribute to peak bone mass achievement in different ways. This study explored the influence of body composition in terms of total body LM and FM on hip aBMD-values in adolescence. Methods In 2010/2011, 93% of the region’s first-year upper-secondary school students (15–17 years old) in Tromsø, Norway attended the Tromsø Study, Fit Futures. Areal BMD at femoral neck (aBMDFN) and total hip (aBMDTH) (g/cm2), total body LM and FM (g) were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Height and weight were measured, and BMI calculated. Lifestyle variables were collected by self-administered questionnaires and interviews, including questions on time spent on leisure time physical activity. Stratified analyses of covariance and regression models included 395 girls and 363 boys. Crude results were adjusted for age, height, sexual maturation, physical activity levels, vitamin D levels, calcium intake, alcohol consumption and smoking habits. Results Unadjusted distribution indicated higher aBMD-levels at higher LM-levels in both genders (p < 0.001), but higher aBMD at higher FM-levels were found only in girls (p < 0.018). After multiple adjustments, aBMDFN-levels in girls were associated by 0.053 g/cm2 and 0.032 g/cm2 per standard deviation (SD) change in LM and FM (p < 0.001). Corresponding values in boys were 0.072 and 0.025 (p < 0.001). The high LM groups accounted for the highest aBMD-levels, while aBMD-levels at the LM/FM-combinations indicated different patterns in girls compared to boys. The adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) for low levels of aBMDFN was 6.6 (3.4,13.0) in boys, compared to 2.8 (1.6,4.9) in girls per SD lower LM. Conclusions LM and FM should be regarded as strong predictors for bone mass and hence bone strength in adolescents. A gender specific difference indicated that high lean mass is of crucial importance prominently in boys. In adolescents with low lean mass, especially in girls, high fat mass may partially ameliorate the effect of deficient lean mass levels.
Related Links	https://bmcmusculoskeletdisord.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12891-018-1933-x.pdf
Ending Page	11
Page Count	11
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14712474
DOI	10.1186/s12891-018-1933-x
Journal	BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	19
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2018-01-19
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Orthopedics Rehabilitation Rheumatology Sports Medicine Internal Medicine Epidemiology aBMD Fat mass Lean mass DXA Adolescents Population-based study
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Orthopedics and Sports Medicine Rheumatology
Journal Impact Factor	2.2/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	2.6/2023

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