NDLI: The Malay version of the attitudes and beliefs about cardiovascular disease (ABCD-M) risk questionnaire: a translation, reliability and validation study

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Mat Said, Zarudin Tengku Ismail, Tengku Alina Abdul Hamid, Anees Sahathevan, Ramesh Abdul Aziz, Zariah Musa, Kamarul Imran
Abstract	Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and stroke are global public health problems and cause high mortality, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Knowledge and awareness are critical points in managing the risk in the general population. The Attitudes and Beliefs about Cardiovascular Disease (ABCD) risk questionnaire was developed to evaluate the awareness of stroke and CVD risk. Thus, the government can set up a practical risk assessment and management programme. The initiative will encourage people to seek healthcare timely and reduce the possibilities of developing complications. Objective This study aimed to translate and validate the ABCD risk questionnaire into the Malay language and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Malay version in the general population in Malaysia. Methods The questionnaire was translated using a standard forward–backwards translation method. The validation was perfomed by both expert panels and a potential user group. Next, the exploratory factor analysis was conducted to examine factorial validity. The respondents were selected from the government health clinics and according to the study criteria irrespective of the CVD risk. We used Cronbach’s alpha and Raykov’s rho to explore the internal consistency and composite reliability of the 18 items from three domains. Finally, the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted using a robust maximum likelihood estimator. Results The content and face validity indices were determined to be 0.94 and 0.99 respectively. Data were obtained from 179 respondents (mean age, 36.8 years; female, 68.2%; secondary level education, 51.1%). The internal consistency and composite reliability of the domains showed good results ranging from 0.643 to 0.885. The factor loadings of each item were acceptable (> 0.3), and the fit indices from the CFA resulted in a good model fit [χ2 (p-value = 0.16), SRMR = 0.054, RMSEA = 0.029, CFI = 0.99, TLI = 0.99)]. Conclusions The Malay version of the ABCD risk questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool to assess the awareness of stroke and CVD risk in the general population in Malaysia.
Related Links	https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12889-022-13811-8.pdf
Ending Page	10
Page Count	10
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14712458
DOI	10.1186/s12889-022-13811-8
Journal	BMC Public Health
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	22
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2022-07-25
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Public Health Medicine Epidemiology Biostatistics Vaccine Environmental Health Stroke Cardiovascular Awareness Reliability Validity Malay Medicine/Public Health
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Journal Impact Factor	3.5/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	3.9/2023

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

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