NDLI: Ethnic differences in infectious burden and the association with metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease: a cross-sectional analysis

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Hartog, Lara van Rooijen, Martijn S. Ujčič-Voortman, Joanne Prins, Maria van Valkengoed, Irene G. M.
Abstract	Background The burden of metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), such as type 2 diabetes, elevated cholesterol and hypertension, is unequally distributed across ethnic groups. Recent findings suggest an association of infectious burden (IB) and metabolic risk factors, but data from ethnic groups are scarce. Therefore, we investigated ethnic differences in IB and its association with metabolic risk factors. Methods We included 440 Dutch, 320 Turkish and 272 Moroccan participants, 18–70 years, of the 2004 general health survey in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. IB was defined by seropositivity to the sum of 6 infections: Herpes Simplex Virus 1 and 2; Hepatitis A, B and C; and Helicobacter pylori. Associations between IB categories 4–6 (high), 3 (intermediate) and 0–2 (low) infections and metabolic risk factors were assessed by logistic regression. Finally, we determined the contribution of IB to the association between ethnicity and the metabolic risk factors by comparing adjusted logistic regression models with and without IB categories. Results A high IB was more frequently observed among the Turkish and Moroccans than among the Dutch. After adjustment for age, sex, ethnicity, educational level, physical activity and body mass index, high IB was associated with type 2 diabetes (odds ratio high vs low IB (OR) =2.14, 95%-confidence interval (CI) 1.05–4.36). The association was weaker and not statistically significant, for elevated cholesterol (OR = 1.39, 95%-CI 0.82–2.34) and hypertension (OR = 1.49, 95%-CI 0.88–2.51). IB attenuated ethnic differences particularly for type 2 diabetes. Conclusions Our study showed that Turkish and Moroccan adults in Amsterdam have a higher IB than Dutch adults, which was associated with the differences in type 2 diabetes. Due to the cross-sectional nature of the study, we cannot draw a conclusions with regards to the time-sequence of cause and effect. Nevertheless, the findings ask for further research into the nature of association of IB with metabolic risk factors in a longitudinal setting.
Related Links	https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12889-018-5162-x.pdf
Ending Page	9
Page Count	9
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14712458
DOI	10.1186/s12889-018-5162-x
Journal	BMC Public Health
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	18
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2018-02-22
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Public Health Medicine Epidemiology Biostatistics Vaccine Environmental Health Infectious burden Ethnicity Diabetes Hypertension Hypercholesterolemia Infections Medicine/Public Health
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Journal Impact Factor	3.5/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	3.9/2023

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