NDLI: Factors affecting the total occlusion time in eyes with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Utamura, Keisuke Wakayama, Akemi Matsumoto, Fumiko Shiraishi, Yukari Narita, Ikumi Tanabe, Fumi Kusaka, Shunji
Abstract	Background Amblyopia treatment by occluding the healthy eye is known to be effective during a sensitive critical period. This study aims to clarify the factors for the total occlusion time (TOT) required for the amblyopic eye to achieve a normal visual acuity (VA) level of 1.0 (0.0 logMAR equivalent). This could contribute to an efficient treatment plan for eyes with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia. Methods Subjects were 58 patients (26 boys and 32 girls; age range, 3.6-9.2, average, 5.8 ± 1.3 years) with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia. All the subjects had initially visited and completed occlusion therapy with improved VA of 1.0 or better in the amblyopic eye at Kindai University Hospital between January 2007 and March 2017. Using the subjects’ medical records, we retrospectively investigated five factors for the TOT: the age at treatment, the initial VA of the amblyopic eye, refraction of the amblyopic eye, anisometropic disparity, and the presence of microstrabismus. Patient’s VA improvement at one month after treatment was also evaluated to confirm the effect of the occlusion therapy. Results The initial VA of the amblyopic eye ranged from 0.1 to 0.9 (median, 0.4). The TOT ranged from 140 to 1795 (median, 598) hours with an average daily occlusion time of 7 hours. The initial VA of the amblyopic eye and presence of microstrabismus were the significant factors for the TOT (p < 0.01). To achieve VA of 1.0 or better, patients with an initial VA of ≤ 0.3 in the amblyopic eye required a longer TOT. Moreover, patients with concomitant microstrabismus required a 1.7-fold longer TOT compared to those without microstrabismus. Conclusion Longer daily occlusion hours and early start of the treatment will be necessary for patients with poor initial VA or microstrabismus to complete occlusion therapy within the sensitive critical period.
Related Links	https://bmcophthalmol.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12886-023-03206-7.pdf
Ending Page	6
Page Count	6
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14712415
DOI	10.1186/s12886-023-03206-7
Journal	BMC Ophthalmology
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	23
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2023-11-20
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Ophthalmology Anisometropic amblyopia Microtropia Occlusion therapy Amblyopia Total occlusion time
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ophthalmology
Journal Impact Factor	1.7/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	2/2023

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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