Please wait, while we are loading the content...
| Content Provider | Springer Nature : BioMed Central |
|---|---|
| Author | Hirata, Risa Wada, Hisashi Yamamoto, Kazunori Sogi, Yuji Muzuta, Hiroto Isaka, Yu Funayama, Michitaka |
| Abstract | Background The primary symptoms in the early stages of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis are psychiatric manifestations, making it difficult to distinguish from psychiatric disorders. While anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis requires a completely different treatment approach, the specific psychiatric features of the condition remain poorly identified. Although previous studies have suggested that altered perceptions may be characteristic, few case reports focus on altered perceptions of time or time distortion, a phenomenon closely linked to NMDA receptor dysfunction as seen in individuals using NMDA receptor inhibitors like ketamine and phencyclidine. In this report, we describe two cases of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis manifesting pronounced time distortion in its early stages, which may serve as diagnostic clues for the early diagnosis and treatment of this potentially lethal condition. Case presentations Two cases of Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis, both marked by significant time distortion in the early stages and showing near-complete recovery with immunotherapy, are presented in detail. In both cases, time distortion was the predominant symptom among the psychiatric manifestations. Case 1: A middle-aged man experienced a pronounced perception of time moving 100 times slower in the early stages, accompanied by feelings of detachment and auditory abnormalities. This time distortion persisted for over a year, even after other symptoms had fully resolved. Case 2: A young woman reported that time seemed to move two to three times slower in the early stages. Although she did not initially mention time distortion, she confirmed it when specifically questioned. Conclusions Our report suggests that time distortion, particularly the perception of time moving slowly, can be a distinguishing feature in the early stages of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. This unique characteristic, especially when occurring independently of other symptoms, is rare as a primary and isolated symptom in other conditions, making it useful for differentiation from time distortion in other psychiatric disorders. Additionally, since some patients may not spontaneously report time distortion, actively assessing this symptom during early evaluation could help improve diagnostic accuracy. |
| Related Links | https://bmcneurol.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12883-025-04078-8.pdf |
| Ending Page | 6 |
| Page Count | 6 |
| Starting Page | 1 |
| File Format | HTM / HTML |
| ISSN | 14712377 |
| DOI | 10.1186/s12883-025-04078-8 |
| Journal | BMC Neurology |
| Issue Number | 1 |
| Volume Number | 25 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | BioMed Central |
| Publisher Date | 2025-02-24 |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Neurology Neurochemistry Neurosurgery Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis Time distortion Altered sense of time Altered perception Slow-motion perception |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Case study |
| Subject | Neurology (clinical) |
| Journal Impact Factor | 2.2/2023 |
| 5-Year Journal Impact Factor | 2.5/2023 |
National Digital Library of India (NDLI) is a virtual repository of learning resources which is not just a repository with search/browse facilities but provides a host of services for the learner community. It is sponsored and mentored by Ministry of Education, Government of India, through its National Mission on Education through Information and Communication Technology (NMEICT). Filtered and federated searching is employed to facilitate focused searching so that learners can find the right resource with least effort and in minimum time. NDLI provides user group-specific services such as Examination Preparatory for School and College students and job aspirants. Services for Researchers and general learners are also provided. NDLI is designed to hold content of any language and provides interface support for 10 most widely used Indian languages. It is built to provide support for all academic levels including researchers and life-long learners, all disciplines, all popular forms of access devices and differently-abled learners. It is designed to enable people to learn and prepare from best practices from all over the world and to facilitate researchers to perform inter-linked exploration from multiple sources. It is developed, operated and maintained from Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur.
Learn more about this project from here.
NDLI is a conglomeration of freely available or institutionally contributed or donated or publisher managed contents. Almost all these contents are hosted and accessed from respective sources. The responsibility for authenticity, relevance, completeness, accuracy, reliability and suitability of these contents rests with the respective organization and NDLI has no responsibility or liability for these. Every effort is made to keep the NDLI portal up and running smoothly unless there are some unavoidable technical issues.
Ministry of Education, through its National Mission on Education through Information and Communication Technology (NMEICT), has sponsored and funded the National Digital Library of India (NDLI) project.
| Sl. | Authority | Responsibilities | Communication Details |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education |
Sanctioning Authority | https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives |
| 2 | Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur | Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project | https://www.iitkgp.ac.in |
| 3 | National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur | The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project | Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in |
| 4 | Project PI / Joint PI | Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project |
Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon |
| 5 | Website/Portal (Helpdesk) | Queries regarding NDLI and its services | support@ndl.gov.in |
| 6 | Contents and Copyright Issues | Queries related to content curation and copyright issues | content@ndl.gov.in |
| 7 | National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club) | Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach | clubsupport@ndl.gov.in |
| 8 | Digital Preservation Centre (DPC) | Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books | dpc@ndl.gov.in |
| 9 | IDR Setup or Support | Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops | idr@ndl.gov.in |
|
Loading...
|