NDLI: Maize cytolines as models to study the impact of different cytoplasms on gene expression under heat stress conditions

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Ardelean, Ioana V. Bălăcescu, Loredana Sicora, Oana Bălăcescu, Ovidiu Mladin, Lia Haș, Voichița Miclăuș, Mihai
Abstract	Background Crops are under constant pressure due to global warming, which unfolds at a much faster pace than their ability to adapt through evolution. Agronomic traits are linked to cytoplasmic-nuclear genome interactions. It thus becomes important to understand the influence exerted by the organelles on gene expression under heat stress conditions and profit from the available genetic diversity. Maize (Zea mays) cytolines allow us to investigate how the gene expression changes under heat stress conditions in three different cytoplasmic environments, but each having the same nucleus. Analyzing retrograde signaling in such an experimental set-up has never been done before. Here, we quantified the response of three cytolines to heat stress as differentially expressed genes (DEGs), and studied gene expression patterns in the context of existing polymorphism in their organellar genomes. Results Our study unveils a plethora of new genes and GO terms that are differentially expressed or enriched, respectively, in response to heat stress. We report 19,600 DEGs as responding to heat stress (out of 30,331 analyzed), which significantly enrich 164 GO biological processes, 30 GO molecular functions, and 83 GO cell components. Our approach allowed for the discovery of a significant number of DEGs and GO terms that are not common in the three cytolines and could therefore be linked to retrograde signaling. Filtering for DEGs with a fold regulation > 2 (absolute values) that are exclusive to just one of the cytolines, we find a total of 391 up- and down-DEGs. Similarly, there are 19 GO terms with a fold enrichment > 2 that are cytoline-specific. Using GBS data we report contrasting differences in the number of DEGs and GO terms in each cytoline, which correlate with the genetic distances between the mitochondrial genomes (but not chloroplast) and the original nuclei of the cytolines, respectively. Conclusions The experimental design used here adds a new facet to the paradigm used to explain how gene expression changes in response to heat stress, capturing the influence exerted by different organelles upon one nucleus rather than investigating the response of several nuclei in their innate cytoplasmic environments.
Related Links	https://bmcplantbiol.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12870-022-04023-8.pdf
Ending Page	18
Page Count	18
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14712229
DOI	10.1186/s12870-022-04023-8
Journal	BMC Plant Biology
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	23
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2023-01-02
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Plant Sciences Agriculture Tree Biology Zea mays Heat-shock response Gene expression profiling Organelles Retrograde signaling
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Plant Science
Journal Impact Factor	4.3/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	5.2/2023

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