NDLI: The epidemiology of intensive care unit-acquired hyponatraemia and hypernatraemia in medical-surgical intensive care units

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Stelfox, Henry Thomas Ahmed, Sofia B Khandwala, Farah Zygun, David Shahpori, Reza Laupland, Kevin
Abstract	Introduction Although sodium disturbances are common in hospitalised patients, few studies have specifically investigated the epidemiology of sodium disturbances in the intensive care unit (ICU). The objectives of this study were to describe the incidence of ICU-acquired hyponatraemia and hypernatraemia and assess their effects on outcome in the ICU. Methods We identified 8142 consecutive adults (18 years of age or older) admitted to three medical-surgical ICUs between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2006 who were documented to have normal serum sodium levels (133 to 145 mmol/L) during the first day of ICU admission. ICU acquired hyponatraemia and hypernatraemia were respectively defined as a change in serum sodium concentration to below 133 mmol/L or above 145 mmol/L following day one in the ICU. Results A first episode of ICU-acquired hyponatraemia developed in 917 (11%) patients and hypernatraemia in 2157 (26%) patients with an incidence density of 3.1 and 7.4 per 100 days of ICU admission, respectively, during 29,142 ICU admission days. The incidence of both ICU-acquired hyponatraemia (age, admission diagnosis, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score, length of ICU stay, level of consciousness, serum glucose level, body temperature, serum potassium level) and ICU-acquired hypernatraemia (baseline creatinine, APACHE II score, mechanical ventilation, length of ICU stay, body temperature, serum potassium level, level of care) varied according to patients' characteristics. Compared with patients with normal serum sodium levels, hospital mortality was increased in patients with ICU-acquired hyponatraemia (16% versus 28%, p < 0.001) and ICU-acquired hypernatraemia (16% versus 34%, p < 0.001). Conclusions ICU-acquired hyponatraemia and hypernatraemia are common in critically ill patients and are associated with increased risk of hospital mortality.
Related Links	https://ccforum.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/cc7162.pdf
Ending Page	8
Page Count	8
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	13648535
DOI	10.1186/cc7162
Journal	Critical Care
Issue Number	6
Volume Number	12
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2008-12-18
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Intensive Critical Care Medicine Emergency Medicine Intensive Care Unit Intensive Care Unit Admission Intensive Care Unit Stay Serum Sodium Level Serum Sodium Concentration
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
Journal Impact Factor	8.8/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	10.4/2023

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