NDLI: Pellagrous encephalopathy presenting as alcohol withdrawal delirium: A case series and literature review

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Oldham, Mark A Ivkovic, Ana
Abstract	Background Alcohol withdrawal delirium (AWD) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Pellagra (niacin deficiency) can be a cause of delirium during alcohol withdrawal that may often be overlooked. Objectives We present a three-patient case series of pellagrous encephalopathy (delirium due to pellagra) presenting as AWD. Methods We provide a brief review of pellagra’s history, data on pellagra’s epidemiology, and discuss pellagra’s various manifestations, particularly as related to alcohol withdrawal. We conclude by providing a review of existing guidelines on the management of alcohol withdrawal, highlighting that they do not include pellagrous encephalopathy in the differential diagnosis for AWD. Results Though pellagra has been historically described as the triad of dementia, dermatitis, and diarrhea, it seldom presents with all three findings. The neurocognitive disturbance associated with pellagra is better characterized by delirium rather than dementia, and pellagra may present as an isolated delirium without any other aspects of the triad. Discussion Although endemic pellagra is virtually eradicated in Western countries, it continues to present as pellagrous encephalopathy in patients with risk factors for malnutrition such as chronic alcohol intake, homelessness, or AIDS. It may often be mistaken for AWD. Whenever pellagra is suspected, treatment with oral nicotinamide (100 mg three times daily for 3–4 weeks) prior to laboratory confirmation is recommended as an inexpensive, safe, and potentially life-saving intervention.
Related Links	https://ascpjournal.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1940-0640-7-12.pdf
Ending Page	9
Page Count	9
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	19400640
DOI	10.1186/1940-0640-7-12
Journal	Addiction Science & Clinical Practice
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	7
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2012-07-06
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Public Health Pharmacology Toxicology Psychopharmacology Health Psychology Social Work Alcohol withdrawal delirium Pellagra Pellagrous encephalopathy Niacin deficiency Vitamin B3 deficiency Delirium tremens Pharmacology/Toxicology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Case study
Subject	Psychiatry and Mental Health Clinical Psychology
Journal Impact Factor	3.7/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	4.2/2023

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

Pellagrous encephalopathy presenting as alcohol withdrawal delirium: A case series and literature review

Smartphone apps for managing alcohol consumption: a literature review

Differentiation of hepatic encephalopathy from delirium tremens: A case series and review

Alcohol use disorder with comorbid anxiety disorder: a case report and focused literature review

Ketamine-assisted buprenorphine initiation: a pilot case series

Alcohol Withdrawal with Delirium Tremens

Hidden in the Rash - Alcoholic Pellagra Encephalopathy

Initiating buprenorphine to treat opioid use disorder without prerequisite withdrawal: a systematic review

Risk for Delirium Tremens in Patients with Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome

Pellagrous encephalopathy presenting as alcohol withdrawal delirium: A case series and literature review

Similar Documents

Pellagrous encephalopathy presenting as alcohol withdrawal delirium: A case series and literature review

Smartphone apps for managing alcohol consumption: a literature review

Differentiation of hepatic encephalopathy from delirium tremens: A case series and review

Alcohol use disorder with comorbid anxiety disorder: a case report and focused literature review

Ketamine-assisted buprenorphine initiation: a pilot case series

Alcohol Withdrawal with Delirium Tremens

Hidden in the Rash - Alcoholic Pellagra Encephalopathy

Initiating buprenorphine to treat opioid use disorder without prerequisite withdrawal: a systematic review

Risk for Delirium Tremens in Patients with Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome

Pellagrous encephalopathy presenting as alcohol withdrawal delirium: A case series and literature review