NDLI: Depression- and anxiety-related sick leave and the risk of permanent disability and mortality in the working population in Germany: a cohort study

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Wedegaertner, Felix Arnhold-Kerri, Sonja Sittaro, Nicola-Alexander Bleich, Stefan Geyer, Siegfried Lee, William E
Abstract	Background Anxiety and depression are the most common psychiatric disorders and are the cause of a large and increasing amount of sick-leave in most developed countries. They are also implicated as an increasing mortality risk in community surveys. In this study we addressed, whether sick leave due to anxiety, depression or comorbid anxiety and depression was associated with increased risk of retirement due to permanent disability and increased mortality in a cohort of German workers. Methods 128,001 German workers with statutory health insurance were followed for a mean of 6.4 years. We examined the associations between 1) depression/anxiety-related sick leave managed on an outpatient basis and 2) anxiety/depression-related psychiatric inpatient treatment, and later permanent disability/mortality using Cox proportional hazard regression models (stratified by sex and disorder) adjusted for age, education and job code classification. Results Outpatient-managed depression/anxiety-related sick leave was significantly associated with higher permanent disability (hazard ratio (95% confidence interval)) 1.48 (1.30, 1.69) for depression, 1.25 (1.07, 1.45) for anxiety, 1.91 (1.56, 2.35) for both). Among outpatients, comorbidly ill men (2.59 (1.97,3.41)) were more likely to retire early than women (1.42 (1.04,1.93)). Retirement rates were higher for depressive and comorbidly ill patients who needed inpatient treatment (depression 3.13 (2,51, 3,92), both 3.54 (2.80, 4.48)). Inpatient-treated depression was also associated with elevated mortality (2.50 (1.80, 3.48)). Anxiety (0.53 (0.38, 0.73)) and female outpatients with depression (0.61 (0.38, 0.97)) had reduced mortality compared to controls. Conclusions Depression/anxiety diagnoses increase the risk of early retirement; comorbidity and severity further increase that risk, depression more strikingly than anxiety. Sickness-absence diagnoses of anxiety/depression identified a population at high risk of retiring early due to ill health, suggesting a target group for the development of interventions.
Related Links	https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1471-2458-13-145.pdf
Ending Page	10
Page Count	10
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14712458
DOI	10.1186/1471-2458-13-145
Journal	BMC Public Health
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	13
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2013-02-17
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Public Health Medicine Epidemiology Biostatistics Vaccine Environmental Health Anxiety Depression Treatment Invalidity Mortality Occupational disability Protection Medicine/Public Health
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Journal Impact Factor	3.5/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	3.9/2023

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

Depression- and anxiety-related sick leave and the risk of permanent disability and mortality in the working population in Germany: a cohort study

Activities and sources of income after a period of long-term sick leave - a population-based prospective cohort study

Mood, anxiety, and alcohol use disorders and later cause-specific sick leave in young adult employees

Sickness absence and disability pension due to otoaudiological diagnoses: risk of premature death – a nationwide prospective cohort study

Associations between number of sick-leave days and future all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a population-based cohort study

Diagnosis-specific disability pension and risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality – a cohort study of 4.9 million inhabitants in Sweden

Hearing loss, sick leave, and disability pension: findings from the HUNT follow-up study

Health behaviours and psychosocial working conditions as predictors of disability pension due to different diagnoses: a population-based study

Sick leave and disability pension among TMD patients with musculoskeletal diseases, mental and behavioural disorders – a SWEREG-TMD population-based cohort study

Depression- and anxiety-related sick leave and the risk of permanent disability and mortality in the working population in Germany: a cohort study

Similar Documents

Depression- and anxiety-related sick leave and the risk of permanent disability and mortality in the working population in Germany: a cohort study

Activities and sources of income after a period of long-term sick leave - a population-based prospective cohort study

Mood, anxiety, and alcohol use disorders and later cause-specific sick leave in young adult employees

Sickness absence and disability pension due to otoaudiological diagnoses: risk of premature death – a nationwide prospective cohort study

Associations between number of sick-leave days and future all-cause and cause-specific mortality: a population-based cohort study

Diagnosis-specific disability pension and risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality – a cohort study of 4.9 million inhabitants in Sweden

Hearing loss, sick leave, and disability pension: findings from the HUNT follow-up study

Health behaviours and psychosocial working conditions as predictors of disability pension due to different diagnoses: a population-based study

Sick leave and disability pension among TMD patients with musculoskeletal diseases, mental and behavioural disorders – a SWEREG-TMD population-based cohort study

Depression- and anxiety-related sick leave and the risk of permanent disability and mortality in the working population in Germany: a cohort study