NDLI: Accuracies of Leuconostocphenotypic identification: a comparison of API systems and conventional phenotypic assays

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Kulwichit, Wanla Nilgate, Sumanee Chatsuwan, Tanittha Krajiw, Sunisa Unhasuta, Chudaachhara Chongthaleong, Anan
Abstract	Background Commercial diagnostics are commonly used to identify gram-positive bacteria. Errors have been reported mostly at the species level. We have found certain phenotypic criteria used in API systems which significantly misidentify Leuconostoc, an emerging human pathogen, at the genus level. We also attempt to find practical, conventional phenotypic assays for accurate identification of this group of bacteria. Methods Clinical isolates of catalase-negative, gram-positive coccoid or coccobacillary bacteria with non-β hemolysis in our institute during 1997–2004 were subject to an identification aid by API 20 STREP, following the instruction manual, as an aid to conventional phenotypic tests. Those identified as Leuconostoc by API 20 STREP were re-examined by the same kit and also by API 50 CHL according to the instruction manuals, by our Leuconostoc conventional phenotypic assays, by Leuconostoc- and Lactobacillus-specific PCR's, and, where possible, by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. In addition, catalase-negative gram-positive isolates during 2005–2006 which were resistant to vancomycin at high levels were also evaluated by the same phenotypic and genotypic assays. Results Out of several thousands of clinical gram-positive isolates, 26 catalase negative gram-positive isolates initially identified as Leuconostoc by API 20 STREP and 7 vancomycin-resistant gram-positive catalase-negative bacteria entered the study. 11 out of the 26 isolates and all the 7 isolates were identified as Leuconostoc by API 20 STREP. Only 5 isolates, however, were confirmed by both genotypic and all defined conventional phenotypic criteria. API 50 CHL also failed to reliably provide accurate identification of Leuconostoc. We have identified key problem tests in API 20 STREP leading to misidentification of the bacteria. A simple, conventional set of phenotypic tests for Leuconostoc identification is proposed. Conclusion The current API systems cannot accurately identify Leuconostoc. Identification of vancomycin-resistant, catalase-negative gram-positive bacteria should be performed by a few practical phenotypic assays, with assistance of genotypic assays where available.
Related Links	https://bmcinfectdis.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1471-2334-7-69.pdf
Ending Page	8
Page Count	8
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14712334
DOI	10.1186/1471-2334-7-69
Journal	BMC Infectious Diseases
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	7
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2007-07-02
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Infectious Diseases Parasitology Medical Microbiology Tropical Medicine Internal Medicine Lactobacillus Lactic Acid Bacterium Thioglycolate Broth Phenotypic Criterion Heterofermentative Lactobacillus
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Infectious Diseases
Journal Impact Factor	3.4/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	3.3/2023

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Accuracies of Leuconostoc phenotypic identification: a comparison of API systems and conventional phenotypic assays

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Accuracies of Leuconostocphenotypic identification: a comparison of API systems and conventional phenotypic assays