NDLI: NextGen sequencing reveals short double crossovers contribute disproportionately to genetic diversity in Toxoplasma gondii

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Khan, Asis Shaik, Jahangheer S Behnke, Michael Wang, Qiuling Dubey, Jitender P Lorenzi, Hernan A Ajioka, James W Rosenthal, Benjamin M Sibley, L David
Abstract	Background Toxoplasma gondii is a widespread protozoan parasite of animals that causes zoonotic disease in humans. Three clonal variants predominate in North America and Europe, while South American strains are genetically diverse, and undergo more frequent recombination. All three northern clonal variants share a monomorphic version of chromosome Ia (ChrIa), which is also found in unrelated, but successful southern lineages. Although this pattern could reflect a selective advantage, it might also arise from non-Mendelian segregation during meiosis. To understand the inheritance of ChrIa, we performed a genetic cross between the northern clonal type 2 ME49 strain and a divergent southern type 10 strain called VAND, which harbors a divergent ChrIa. Results NextGen sequencing of haploid F1 progeny was used to generate a genetic map revealing a low level of conventional recombination, with an unexpectedly high frequency of short, double crossovers. Notably, both the monomorphic and divergent versions of ChrIa were isolated with equal frequency. As well, ChrIa showed no evidence of being a sex chromosome, of harboring an inversion, or distorting patterns of segregation. Although VAND was unable to self fertilize in the cat, it underwent successful out-crossing with ME49 and hybrid survival was strongly associated with inheritance of ChrIII from ME49 and ChrIb from VAND. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the successful spread of the monomorphic ChrIa in the wild has not been driven by meiotic drive or related processes, but rather is due to a fitness advantage. As well, the high frequency of short double crossovers is expected to greatly increase genetic diversity among progeny from genetic crosses, thereby providing an unexpected and likely important source of diversity.
Related Links	https://bmcgenomics.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/1471-2164-15-1168.pdf
Ending Page	15
Page Count	15
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14712164
DOI	10.1186/1471-2164-15-1168
Journal	BMC Genomics
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	15
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2014-12-23
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Life Sciences Microarrays Proteomics Animal Genetics and Genomics Microbial Genetics and Genomics Plant Genetics and Genomics Gene conversion Genetic mapping Meiotic drive Mendelian inheritance Double crossover
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Biotechnology Genetics
Journal Impact Factor	3.5/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	4.1/2023

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