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| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Tawancy, H. M. |
| Copyright Year | 2012 |
| Abstract | A heat-resistant HP–Nb steel casting tube of a reformer furnace used in hydrogen production was designed on the basis of 100,000-h service life. However, after about 400 h of operation at temperatures ranging from about 950 to 750 °C, a problem was encountered involving corrosion at the outer tube surface and formation of internal cracks. A section of the tube was analyzed to determine the cause of damage using various techniques including light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, as well as transmission electron microscopy and diffraction. It was concluded that the tube was subjected to two separate types of damage: (i) heating the outer tube surface by burning a low grade fuel contaminated with highly corrosive species such as chlorine, which precluded the material from developing and maintaining a surface protective oxide, and (ii) using a heat of the alloy with Si content on the higher side of the specifications stabilizing the detrimental Ni$_{3}$Nb$_{2}$Si Laves phase precipitation of which at grain boundaries could lead to intergranular cracking; however, the cracking could also result from localized plastic deformation in relatively “soft” zones of γ-phase (solid-solution) alongside grain boundaries. |
| Starting Page | 199 |
| Ending Page | 207 |
| Page Count | 9 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 21929262 |
| Journal | Metallography, Microstructure, and Analysis |
| Volume Number | 1 |
| Issue Number | 5 |
| e-ISSN | 21929270 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Springer-Verlag |
| Publisher Date | 2012-10-13 |
| Publisher Place | New York |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Steel Corrosion Carbide Laves phase Structural Materials Nanotechnology Metallic Materials Surfaces and Interfaces, Thin Films Characterization and Evaluation of Materials |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Metals and Alloys |
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