NDLI: Climate change in Europe. 1. Impact on terrestrial ecosystems and biodiversity. A review

Please wait, while we are loading the content...

Climate change in Europe. 1. Impact on terrestrial ecosystems and biodiversity. A review

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Feehan, Jane Harley, Mike Minnen, Jell
Copyright Year	2009
Abstract	Ecosystems have an essential role in providing services to humankind such as nutrient cycling, pest control, pollination, quality of life, and hydrological, atmospheric and climatic regulation. About 60% of the world’s known ecosystems are currently used unsustainably. In Europe, the richness and abundance of biodiversity is undergoing significant decline, partly due to climate change. This article outlines the impacts of climate change on biodiversity by showing both observed and projected changes in the distribution and phenology of plants and animals (phenology refers to changes in the timing of seasonal events). The four major findings are the following. (1) Concerning the distribution of plant species, climate change is responsible for the observed northward and uphill distribution shifts of many European plant species. By the late 21st century, distributions of European plant species are projected to have shifted several hundred kilometres to the north, forests are likely to have contracted in the south and expanded in the north, and 60% of mountain plant species may face extinction. The rate of change will exceed the ability of many species to adapt. (2) Concerning plant phenology, the timing of seasonal events in plants is changing across Europe due to changes in climate conditions. For instance, 78% of leaf unfolding and flowering records show advancing trends. Between 1971 and 2000, the average advance of spring and summer was 2.5 days per decade. The pollen season starts on average 10 days earlier and is longer than 50 years ago. Trends in seasonal events will continue to advance as climate warming increases in the years and decades to come. (3) Concerning the distribution of animal species, Europe’s birds, insects, and mammals are moving northwards and uphill in response to observed climate change. Rate of climate change, habitat fragmentation and other obstacles will impede the movement of many animal species. Distribution changes are projected to continue. Suitable climatic conditions for Europe’s breeding birds are projected to shift nearly 550 km northeast by the end of the century. Projections for 120 native European mammals suggest that up to 9% face extinction during the 21st century. (4) Concerning animal phenology, climatic warming has caused advancement in the life cycles of many animal groups, including frogs spawning, birds nesting and the arrival of migrant birds and butterflies. Seasonal advancement is particularly strong and rapid in the Arctic. Breeding seasons are lengthening, allowing extra generations of temperature-sensitive insects such as butterflies, dragonflies and pest species to be produced during the year. These trends are projected to continue as climate warming increases in the decades to come. Populations may explode if the young are not exposed to normal predation pressures. Conversely, populations may crash if the emergence of vulnerable young is not in synchrony with their main food source or if shorter hibernation times lead to declines in body condition.
Starting Page	409
Ending Page	421
Page Count	13
File Format	PDF
ISSN	17740746
Journal	Agronomy for Sustainable Development
Volume Number	29
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	17730155
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2009-01-01
Publisher Institution	Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Agriculture Soil Science & Conservation Sustainable Development
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Environmental Engineering Agronomy and Crop Science

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

Climate change in Europe. 2. Impact on soil. A review

Climate change in Europe. 3. Impact on agriculture and forestry. A review

Climate change in Europe. 1. Impact on terrestrial ecosystems and biodiversity. A review

Impact of climate change on weeds in agriculture: a review

Farmer responses to climate change and sustainable agriculture. A review

Food security, climate change, and sustainable land management. A review

Agronomy for sustainable agriculture. A review

Climate change impact on China food security in 2050

Ants and sustainable agriculture. A review

Climate change in Europe. 1. Impact on terrestrial ecosystems and biodiversity. A review

Similar Documents

Climate change in Europe. 2. Impact on soil. A review

Climate change in Europe. 3. Impact on agriculture and forestry. A review

Climate change in Europe. 1. Impact on terrestrial ecosystems and biodiversity. A review

Impact of climate change on weeds in agriculture: a review

Farmer responses to climate change and sustainable agriculture. A review

Food security, climate change, and sustainable land management. A review

Agronomy for sustainable agriculture. A review

Climate change impact on China food security in 2050

Ants and sustainable agriculture. A review

Climate change in Europe. 1. Impact on terrestrial ecosystems and biodiversity. A review