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G1 arrest and expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors in tamoxifen-treated MCF-7 human breast cancer cells

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Ichikawa, Akira Ando, Jiro Suda, Koichi
Copyright Year	2008
Abstract	Treatment of exponentially growing MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cells with tamoxifen (TAM) inhibits cell growth in a dose-dependent manner. However, the molecular basis for the drug’s activity and its relationship to the cell cycle have not yet been clearly established. In this study, we analyzed cell cycle-related proteins used for immunoblotting and flow cytometry in TAM-treated MCF-7 cells. In addition, the ratio of apoptosis in the cell was analyzed using labeling of DNA strand breaks (TdT assay). In flow-cytometric DNA distribution analysis, the S-phase fraction showed a marked decrease and a concomitant increase in G1- and G2-phase cells accompanying the inhibitory effect of TAM; these changes were time- and dose-dependent. Immunoblotting revealed that the levels of p53 and p21$^{WAF1/CIP1}$ in TAM-treated cells increased in a time- and dose-dependent manner, whereas those of p27$^{KIP1}$ and p16 slightly increased or remained unchanged. Furthermore, cyclin D3 and B showed sharp decreases, in contrast with p53 and p21$^{WAF1/CIP1}$ DNA-apoptosis dual analysis using flow cytometry revealed that the TAM-treated samples contained apoptotic cells, the majority of which were arrested in G1 or G2 and showed suppression of Bcl-2 protein. These results suggest that the tumorigenic effect of TAM on MCF-7 cells arises through antitumor effects that are due to the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, especially p21$^{WAF1/CIP1}$ and these are regulated by the decrease of wild-type p53. The proposed mechanism is similar to that underlying the cytotoxic effects of other agents and ionizing irradiation that cause DNA damage.
Starting Page	28
Ending Page	37
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09147470
Journal	Human Cell
Volume Number	21
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	17490774
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2008-01-01
Publisher Place	Tokyo
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	CDK MCF-7 p21 p53 tamoxifen Cell Biology Embryology Oncology Stem Cells Reproductive Medicine Cell Culture
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Medicine Cancer Research

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