NDLI: Proactive effects of memory in young and older adults: The role of change recollection

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Wahlheim, Christopher N.
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	Age-related deficits in episodic memory are sometimes attributed to older adults being more susceptible to proactive interference. These deficits have been explained by impaired abilities to inhibit competing information and to recollect target information. In the present article, I propose that a change recollection deficit also contributes to age differences in proactive interference. Change recollection occurs when individuals can remember how information changed across episodes, and this counteracts proactive interference by preserving the temporal order of information. Three experiments were conducted to determine whether older adults are less likely to counteract proactive interference by recollecting change. Paired-associate learning paradigms with two lists of word pairs included pairs that repeated across lists, pairs that only appeared in List 2 (control items), and pairs with cues that repeated and responses that changed across lists. Young and older adults’ abilities to detect changed pairs in List 2 and to later recollect those changes at test were measured, along with cued recall of the List 2 responses and confidence in recall performance. Change recollection produced proactive facilitation in the recall of changed pairs, whereas the failure to recollect change resulted in proactive interference. Confidence judgments were sensitive to these effects. The critical finding was that older adults recollected change less than did young adults, and this partially explained older adults’ greater susceptibility to proactive interference. These findings have theoretical implications, showing that a change recollection deficit contributes to age-related deficits in episodic memory.
Starting Page	950
Ending Page	964
Page Count	15
File Format	PDF
ISSN	0090502X
Journal	Memory & Cognition
Volume Number	42
Issue Number	6
e-ISSN	15325946
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2014-04-08
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Aging Change detection Change recollection Proactive interference Reminding Metacognition Cognitive Psychology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Experimental and Cognitive Psychology Arts and Humanities Medicine Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology

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