NDLI: A connectionist modeling study of the neural mechanisms underlying pain’s ability to reorient attention

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Dowman, Robert Ritz, Benjamin Fowler, Kathleen
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	Connectionist modeling was used to investigate the brain mechanisms responsible for pain’s ability to shift attention away from another stimulus modality and toward itself. Different connectionist model architectures were used to simulate the different possible brain mechanisms underlying this attentional bias, where nodes in the model simulated the brain areas thought to mediate the attentional bias, and the connections between the nodes simulated the interactions between the brain areas. Mathematical optimization techniques were used to find the model parameters, such as connection strengths, that produced the best quantitative fits of reaction time and event-related potential data obtained in our previous work. Of the several architectures tested, two produced excellent quantitative fits of the experimental data. One involved an unexpected pain stimulus activating somatic threat detectors in the dorsal posterior insula. This threat detector activity was monitored by the medial prefrontal cortex, which in turn evoked a phasic response in the locus coeruleus. The locus coeruleus phasic response resulted in a facilitation of the cortical areas involved in decision and response processes time-locked to the painful stimulus. The second architecture involved the presence of pain causing an increase in general arousal. The increase in arousal was mediated by locus coeruleus tonic activity, which facilitated responses in the cortical areas mediating the sensory, decision, and response processes involved in the task. These two neural network architectures generated competing predictions that can be tested in future studies.
Starting Page	689
Ending Page	708
Page Count	20
File Format	PDF
ISSN	15307026
Journal	Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience
Volume Number	16
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	1531135X
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2016-04-25
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Involuntary attention Pain Connectionist modeling Locus coeruleus Event-related potentials (ERPs) Norepinephrine Cognitive Psychology Neurosciences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cognitive Neuroscience Behavioral Neuroscience

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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