NDLI: Effect of visual surrounding motion on body sway in a three-dimensional environment

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Guerraz, Michel Gianna, Claire C. Burchill, Peter M. Gresty, Michael A. Bronstein, Adolfo M.
Copyright Year	2001
Abstract	Unidirectional motion of a uniplanar background induces a codirectional postural sway. It has been shown recently that fixation of a stationary foreground object induces a sway response in the opposite direction (Bronstein & Buckwell, 1997) when the background moves transiently. The present study investigated factors determining this contradirectional postural response. In the experiments presented, center of foot pressure and head displacements were recorded from normal subjects. The subjects faced a visual background of 2 × 3 m, at a distance of 1.5 m, which could be moved parallel to the interaural axis. Results showed that when the visual scene consisted solely of a moving background, the conventional codirectional postural response was elicited. When subjects were asked to fixate an earth-fixed foreground (window frame) placed between them and the moving background, a consistent postural response in the opposite direction to background motion was observed. In addition, we showed that this contradirectional postural response was not transient but was sustained for the 11 sec of background motion. We investigated whether this contradirectional postural response was the consequence of the induced movement of the foreground by background motion. Although induced movement was verbally reported by subjects when viewing an earth-fixed target projected onto the moving background, the contradirectional sway did not occur. These results indicate that foreground—background separation in depth was necessary for the contradirectional postural response to occur rather than induced movement. Another experiment showed that, when the fixated foreground was attached to the head of the observer, the contradirectional sway was not observed and was therefore unrelated to vergence. Finally, results showed that the contradirectional postural response was, in the main, monocularly mediated. We conclude that the direction of the postural sway produced by a moving background in a three-dimensional environment is determined primarily by motion parallax.
Starting Page	47
Ending Page	58
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00315117
Journal	Perception & Psychophysics
Volume Number	63
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	15325962
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2001-01-01
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Cognitive Psychology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Experimental and Cognitive Psychology Sensory Systems Psychology

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