NDLI: Top-down deactivation of interference from irrelevant spatial or verbal stimulus features

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Frings, Christian Wühr, Peter
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	The selective-attention model of Houghton and Tipper (1994) assumes top-down deactivation of (conflicting) distractor representations as a mechanism of visual attention. Deactivation should produce an inverted-U-shaped activation function for distractor representations. In a recent study, Frings, Wentura, and Wühr (2012) tested this prediction in a variant of the flanker task in which a cue sometimes required participants to respond to the distractors rather than to the target. When reaction times and error rates were plotted as a function of the target–cue stimulus onset asynchrony, a quadratic trend emerged, consistent with the notion of distractor deactivation. However, in the flanker task, an alternative explanation for the quadratic trend in terms of attentional zooming is possible. The present experiments tested the deactivation account against the attentional-zooming account with the Stroop and the Simon task, in which attentional zooming should have minimal effects on distractor processing, because the target and distractor are presented at the same spatial location. Both experiments replicated the quadratic trend in the performance functions for responses to incongruent distractors, and additionally showed linear trends in the performance functions for responses to congruent distractors. These results provide additional support for the notion of top-down deactivation of distractor representations as a mechanism of visual selective attention.
Starting Page	2360
Ending Page	2374
Page Count	15
File Format	PDF
ISSN	19433921
Journal	Perception & Psychophysics
Volume Number	76
Issue Number	8
e-ISSN	1943393X
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2014-07-01
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Visual selective attention Deactivation Cue Simon task Stroop task Cognitive Psychology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Experimental and Cognitive Psychology Sensory Systems Linguistics and Language

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