NDLI: Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus-associated cognitive impairment in a group of Hispanic women at risk for neurological impairment

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Wojna, Valerie Skolasky, Richard L. Hechavarría, Rosa Mayo, Raúl Selnes, Ola McArthur, Justin C. Meléndez, Loyda M. Maldonado, Elizabeth Zorrilla, Carmen D. García, Hermes Kraiselburd, Edmundo Nath, Avindra
Copyright Year	2006
Abstract	Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated cognitive impairment, a significant cause of morbidity, affects up to 30% of HIV-infected people. Its prevalence doubled as patients began to live longer after the introduction of highly active retroviral therapy. Women are now one of the fastest growing groups with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the United States and Puerto Rico, but relatively little is known about the prevalence and characteristics of cognitive dysfunction in HIV-infected women. In this study the authors investigated its prevalence in a group of HIV-1—seropositive Hispanic women in Puerto Rico. Forty-nine women with a nadir CD4 cell count of ≤500 cells/mm$^{3}$ were enrolled. Cognitive impairment was defined according to the American Academy of Neurology criteria for HIV dementia as modified to identify an “asymptomatic cognitively impaired” group. Observed prevalence was compared with prevalence in other populations in United States, Europe, and Australia. Differences in clinical markers and neuropsychological test performance among the cohort stratified by cognitive impairment were tested. Cognitive impairment was observed in 77.6% (38/49) of cases; asymptomatic cognitive impairment in 32.7% (16/49); minor cognitive motor disorders in 16.3% (8/49); and HIV-associated dementia (HAD) in 28.6% (14/49). Cognitive impairment did not correlate with age, CD4 cell count, viral load, or treatment modality. The cross-sectional prevalence of HIV-associated cognitive impairment was 77.6% (28.6% for HAD). These findings should enhance awareness of the prevalence of HIV-associated cognitive impairment, both clinically apparent and “asymptomatic,” in Hispanic women and lead to improvements in areas such as education and compliance and to reevaluation of treatment interventions.
Starting Page	356
Ending Page	364
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	13550284
Journal	Journal of NeuroVirology
Volume Number	12
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	15382443
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2006-01-01
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	cognitive impairment Hispanics HIV prevalence women Neurosciences Virology Infectious Diseases Immunology Neurology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Neurology Virology Neurology (clinical) Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

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