NDLI: Recent advances in Japanese encephalitis

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Solomon, Tom
Copyright Year	2003
Abstract	Japanese encephalitis (JE), the most important cause of epidemic encephalitis worldwide, is confined to Asia, but its geographical area is spreading. West Nile virus, and other closely related flaviviruses, cause similar disease elsewhere. Recent cryoelectron microscopic studies have characterized the flavivirus envelope protein as a new class of viral fusion protein (class II), and examined its arrangement on the virion surface. Changes in the envelope protein’s hinge region, or its putative receptor-binding domain, are associated with changes in neurovirulence in animal models of JE. Clinically, JE causes a wide range of presentations, including a poliolike flaccid paralysis. Seizures and raised intracranial pressure are associated with a poor outcome, and may be potentially treatable. A safe efficacious formalin-inactivated vaccine against JE has been available for many years, but is too expensive for use in most Asian countries. A newer live attenuated vaccine has been used in China, but its use elsewhere has been restricted by regulatory concerns. A chimeric vaccine in which JE structural proteins are inserted into the 17D yellow fever vaccine backbone is one of several vaccines in development. There are no established antiviral treatments against JE. Interferon alpha was the most promising drug in small open trials, but a recent double-blind placebo controlled trial showed that it did not affect the outcome in children with JE.
Starting Page	274
Ending Page	283
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	13550284
Journal	Journal of NeuroVirology
Volume Number	9
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	15382443
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2003-01-01
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	arthopod-borne virus CNS infection flavivirus vaccine West Nile virus Neurosciences Virology Infectious Diseases Immunology Neurology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Neurology Virology Neurology (clinical) Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

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