NDLI: Characterization of retinoic acid—inducible gene-I expression in primary murine glia following exposure to vesicular stomatitis virus

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Journal of NeuroVirology : Volume 14, Issue 5, September 2008

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Characterization of retinoic acid—inducible gene-I expression in primary murine glia following exposure to vesicular stomatitis virus

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Furr, Samantha R. Chauhan, Vinita S. Sterka, David Grdzelishvili, Valery Marriott, Ian
Copyright Year	2008
Abstract	Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is a negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus that closely resembles its deadly cousin, rabies virus. In mice, VSV elicits a rapid and severe T cell—independent encephalitis, indicating that resident glial cells play an important role in the initiation of central nervous system (CNS) inflammation. Recently, retinoic acid—inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like helicases have been shown to function as intracellular pattern recognition receptors for replicative viral RNA motifs. In the present study, we demonstrate that the expression of two members of this RIG-I—like receptor family (RLR), RIG-I and melanoma differentiation-associated antigen 5 (MDA5), are elevated in mouse brain tissue following intranasal administration of VSV. Using isolated cultures of primary murine glial cells, we demonstrate that microglia and astrocytes constitutively express both RIG-I and MDA5 transcripts and protein. Importantly, we show that such expression is elevated following challenge with VSV or another negative-sense RNA virus, Sendai virus. The authors provide evidence that such induction is indirect and secondary to the production of soluble mediators by infected cells. Circumstantial evidence for the functional nature of RLR expression in glial cells comes from the observation that microglia express the RLR downstream effector molecule, interferon promoter stimulator-1, and demonstrate diminished levels of the negative RLR regulator, laboratory of genetics and physiology 2, following viral challenge. These findings raise the exciting possibility that RLR molecules play important roles in the detection of viral CNS pathogens and the initiation of protective immune responses or, alternatively, the progression of damaging inflammation within the brain.
Starting Page	503
Ending Page	513
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISSN	13550284
Journal	Journal of NeuroVirology
Volume Number	14
Issue Number	6
e-ISSN	15382443
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2008-01-01
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	rhabdoviruses microglia astrocytes pattern recognition receptors RIG-I-like receptors Neurosciences Virology Infectious Diseases Immunology Neurology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Neurology Virology Neurology (clinical) Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

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Characterization of retinoic acid–inducible gene-I expression in primary murine glia following exposure to vesicular stomatitis virus

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Characterization of retinoic acid—inducible gene-I expression in primary murine glia following exposure to vesicular stomatitis virus

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Characterization of retinoic acid—inducible gene-I expression in primary murine glia following exposure to vesicular stomatitis virus