NDLI: The Effect of Blood Glutamate Scavengers Oxaloacetate and Pyruvate on Neurological Outcome in a Rat Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Boyko, Matthew Melamed, Israel Gruenbaum, Benjamin Fredrick Gruenbaum, Shaun Evan Ohayon, Sharon Leibowitz, Akiva Brotfain, Evgeny Shapira, Yoram Zlotnik, Alexander
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	Blood glutamate scavengers have been shown to effectively reduce blood glutamate concentrations and improve neurological outcome after traumatic brain injury and stroke in rats. This study investigates the efficacy of blood glutamate scavengers oxaloacetate and pyruvate in the treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in rats. Isotonic saline, 250 mg/kg oxaloacetate, or 125 mg/kg pyruvate was injected intravenously in 60 rats, 60 minutes after induction of SAH at a rate of 0.1 ml/100 g/min for 30 minutes. There were 20 additional rats that were used as a sham-operated group. Blood samples were collected at baseline and 90 minutes after SAH. Neurological performance was assessed at 24 h after SAH. In half of the rats, glutamate concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid were measured 24 h after SAH. For the remaining half, the blood brain barrier permeability in the frontal and parieto-occipital lobes was measured 48 h after SAH. Blood glutamate levels were reduced in rats treated with oxaloacetate or pyruvate at 90 minutes after SAH (p < 0.001). Cerebrospinal fluid glutamate was reduced in rats treated with pyruvate (p < 0.05). Neurological performance was significantly improved in rats treated with oxaloacetate (p < 0.05) or pyruvate (p < 0.01). The breakdown of the blood brain barrier was reduced in the frontal lobe in rats treated with pyruvate (p < 0.05) and in the parieto-occipital lobes in rats treated with either pyruvate (p < 0.01) or oxaloacetate (p < 0.01). This study demonstrates the effectiveness of blood glutamate scavengers oxaloacetate and pyruvate as a therapeutic neuroprotective strategy in a rat model of SAH.
Starting Page	649
Ending Page	657
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	19337213
Journal	NeuroRX
Volume Number	9
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	18787479
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2012-06-19
Publisher Institution	American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Glutamate Neurological outcome Scavengers Subarachnoid hemorrhage Oxaloacetate Pyruvate Neurology Neurobiology Neurosurgery Neurosciences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Neurology (clinical) Pharmacology Pharmacology (medical)

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