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Smallholder Farms as Stepping Stone Corridors for Crop-Raiding Elephant in Northern Tanzania: Integration of Bayesian Expert System and Network Simulator

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AMBIO : Volume 43, Issue 1, February 2014

Smallholder Farms as Stepping Stone Corridors for Crop-Raiding Elephant in Northern Tanzania: Integration of Bayesian Expert System and Network Simulator

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Pittiglio, Claudia Skidmore, Andrew K. Gils, Hein A. M. J. McCall, Michael K. Prins, Herbert H. T.
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	Crop-raiding elephants affect local livelihoods, undermining conservation efforts. Yet, crop-raiding patterns are poorly understood, making prediction and protection difficult. We hypothesized that raiding elephants use corridors between daytime refuges and farmland. Elephant counts, crop-raiding records, household surveys, Bayesian expert system, and least-cost path simulation were used to predict four alternative categories of daily corridors: (1) footpaths, (2) dry river beds, (3) stepping stones along scattered small farms, and (4) trajectories of shortest distance to refuges. The corridor alignments were compared in terms of their minimum cumulative resistance to elephant movement and related to crop-raiding zones quantified by a kernel density function. The “stepping stone” corridors predicted the crop-raiding patterns. Elephant presence was confirmed along these corridors, demonstrating that small farms located between refuges and contiguous farmland increase habitat connectivity for elephant. Our analysis successfully predicted elephant occurrence in farmland where daytime counts failed to detect nocturnal presence. These results have conservation management implications.
Starting Page	149
Ending Page	161
Page Count	13
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00447447
Journal	AMBIO
Volume Number	43
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	16547209
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2013-09-03
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Ecological corridors Bayesian expert system Human–elephant conflict Crop damage control Farms Movement behavior Environment Ecology Atmospheric Sciences Physical Geography Environmental Management Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Geography, Planning and Development Ecology Environmental Chemistry Medicine

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Smallholder Farms as Stepping Stone Corridors for Crop-Raiding Elephant in Northern Tanzania: Integration of Bayesian Expert System and Network Simulator

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Smallholder Farms as Stepping Stone Corridors for Crop-Raiding Elephant in Northern Tanzania: Integration of Bayesian Expert System and Network Simulator

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Smallholder Farms as Stepping Stone Corridors for Crop-Raiding Elephant in Northern Tanzania: Integration of Bayesian Expert System and Network Simulator

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Smallholder Farms as Stepping Stone Corridors for Crop-Raiding Elephant in Northern Tanzania: Integration of Bayesian Expert System and Network Simulator