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Geology and trona potential of the middle Miocene Gürün (Sivas) basin, Central Anatolia, Turkey

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Önal, Mehmet Helvaci, Cahit Ceyhan, Fuat
Copyright Year	2004
Abstract	Gürün (Sivas) basin, extending along east-west direction, contains a volcano-sedimentary sequence of up to 1222 m thick. The middle Miocene sedimentary sequence rest with angular unconformity on the basement rocks, which consist of limestone and flysch sediments ranging in Triassic-Jurassic-Cretaceous and middle-upper Eocene. The sequence has been subdivided into Gürün Formation and Karadaĝ Volcanics. The Gürün Formation consist of four members in ascending order: Kavak, Gökpinar, Çayboyu and Terzioĝlu members. Trona occurences are placed within the Terzioĝlu member, alternating with bituminous shale, mudstones and tuffs; whereas the lignite deposits occured in the Çayboyu member of the Gürün Formation.The Miocene sedimentary rock units are laterally and vertically gradational. Karadaĝ volcanics, located in the eastern and northern parts of basin, interfinger with the upper parts of the Terzioĝlu member, and also cut the whole rock units. The thickness of the sequence increases towards the northern and eastern sides where the basin was faulted. According to spor and pollen fossils, the age of sedimentary rock units is middle Miocene. The rock units were deposited in alluvial, fluvial, lacustrine and playa-lake environments.The middle Miocene sedimentary sequence, which were deposited under the control of a tectonic regime. In the region, gravity tectonic, which is characterized by the growth faults, began to developed in the beginning of middle Miocene. The growth faults, which were developed at the northern margin of the basin, controlled the deposition during the middle Miocene. Gürün basin was affected by the extensional tectonic regime changed to a compressional regime during the late Miocene time. During this new tectonic phase, NE, SW compressional regime occuring in the region probably originated from the movement of the East Anatolian Fault.The bituminous shales of the Terzioĝlu member contains starkeite, hexzahydrite, dolomite and calcite. Na-carbonate (trona) leachings are rather common within the lower and middle parts of the Terzioĝlu member. Sodium carbonate minerals occuring in the basin are nahcolite, pirssonite, gaylusite and shortite. The beds consisting of the Na-carbonate minerals grade into mudstones and clayey limestones towards the edges of the basin.The Gürün middle Miocene basin is mainly filled by clastics and products of adjacent volcanic activity which was centered at the east and north of basin. The most likely sources of sodium for the formation of Na-carbonate (trona) accurences are thermal springs, tuff interbedded with the sediments, and extensive the middle Miocene volcanic rocks interfingering with the sedimentary rocks in the eastern and northern parts of the basin.
Starting Page	118
Ending Page	132
Page Count	15
File Format	PDF
ISSN	08912556
Journal	Carbonates and Evaporites
Volume Number	19
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	18785212
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2004-01-01
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	geology trona potential middle Miocene Gürün basin Central Anatolia Geology Mineral Resources Mineralogy
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Geochemistry and Petrology

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