NDLI: De-Risking of Stilbazulenyl Nitrone (STAZN), a Lipophilic Nitrone to Treat Stroke Using a Unique Panel of In Vitro Assays

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Translational Stroke Research : Volume 2, Issue 1, March 2011

Translational Stroke Research : Volume 1

De-Risking of Stilbazulenyl Nitrone (STAZN), a Lipophilic Nitrone to Treat Stroke Using a Unique Panel of In Vitro Assays

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Lapchak, Paul A. Schubert, David R. Maher, Pamela A.
Copyright Year	2011
Abstract	In the present study, we used a comprehensive panel of in vitro assays to evaluate the efficacy and safety of stilbazulenyl nitrone (STAZN) as a lead compound to treat acute ischemic stroke. First, we measured neuroprotection in vitro using two different HT22 hippocampal nerve cell assays. Secondly, to de-risk drug development, we used CeeTox analysis with the H4IIE rat hepatoma cell line to determine the acute toxicity profile of STAZN. Third, STAZN was tested in microsomes from four species for measures of metabolic stability. Last, we determined the Ames test genotoxicity profile of STAZN using Salmonella typhimurium TA989 and TA100. In vitro, STAZN was neuroprotective against toxicity induced by iodoacetic acid, and oxytosis-induced glutathione depletion was initiated by glutamate, with an EC$_{50}$ value of 1–5 μM. Secondly, using CeeTox analysis, the estimated C $_{Tox}$ value (i.e., sustained concentration expected to produce toxicity in a rat 14-day repeat dose study) for STAZN was calculated to be 260 μM. Third, the half-life of STAZN in humans, dogs, and rats was 60–78 min. Last, the genotoxicity profile showed that STAZN did not induce bacterial colony growth under any conditions tested, indicating the lack of mutagenicity with this compound. STAZN appears to be a multi-target neuroprotective compound that has an excellent safety profile in both the CeeTox and Ames mutagenicity assays. STAZN may have significant potential as a novel neuroprotective agent to treat stroke and should be pursued in clinically relevant embolic stroke models.
Starting Page	209
Ending Page	217
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	18684483
Journal	Translational Stroke Research
Volume Number	2
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	1868601X
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2011-04-05
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Antioxidant Nitrone Safety Efficacy Genotoxicity CeeTox Neurosurgery Cardiology Neurology Vascular Surgery Neurosciences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Neuroscience Neurology (clinical)

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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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De-Risking of Stilbazulenyl Nitrone (STAZN), a Lipophilic Nitrone to Treat Stroke Using a Unique Panel of In Vitro Assays