NDLI: Assessment of radioactivity and trace elements of cement produced in Saudi Arabia

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Alkhomashi, N. Almasoud, Fahad I. Alhorayess, O. Alajayan, Turki M. Alsalamah, Abdullah S. Alssalim, Yousif A. Ababneh, Zaid Q.
Copyright Year	2017
Abstract	Cement is a building material that is commonly used in construction worldwide and is known to contain varying levels of radionuclides and trace metals. It is obvious that radioactivity in cement poses an immediate source of radiation exposure to workers in the cement industry and general public once cement becomes an integral part of the building’s structure. Trace elements present in cement pose an additional health risk not only to workers but also to the surrounding atmosphere. In the present work, radioactivity concentrations and elemental analysis of cement from 9 production sites in Saudi Arabia were performed using gamma-ray spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. The average concentrations of radionuclides $^{226}$Ra, $^{232}$Th, and $^{40}$K were found to be (±SD) 18.93 ± 7.81, 15.76 ± 8.61, and 114.80 ± 55.51 Bq/kg, respectively. Radium equivalent activities, external hazard indices, and absorbed dose rates were calculated and found to be lower than the recommended limits for safe use of cement as a construction material. The concentrations of twenty major, minor, and trace elements (Na, Mg, Al, Si, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, As, Sr, Ba, La, Ce, Nd, Pb, U) in cement samples were analyzed. With the exception of chromium (Cr), the concentrations of the toxic trace elements in the cement samples were found to be comparable to those reported in the literature. Although the concentrations of toxic trace elements are low, the prolonged exposure of the workers to cement may increase their health risk.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	8
Page Count	8
File Format	PDF
ISSN	18666280
Journal	Environmental Earth Sciences
Volume Number	76
Issue Number	7
e-ISSN	18666299
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2017-04-03
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Cement Gamma spectroscopy ICP-MS Trace elements Natural radionuclides Geology Hydrology/Water Resources Geochemistry Environmental Science and Engineering Terrestrial Pollution Biogeosciences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Global and Planetary Change Earth-Surface Processes Soil Science Environmental Chemistry Pollution Geology Water Science and Technology

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