NDLI: Assessment of trace metal contamination and exchange between water and sediment systems in the To Lich River in inner Hanoi, Vietnam

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Thuong, Nguyen Thi Yoneda, Minoru Shimada, Yoko Matsui, Yasuto
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	The To Lich River (TLR), which receives considerable amounts of wastewater from the inner city of Hanoi, is used for irrigation purposes by areas further downstream. The marked increase in urbanization in recent decades has meant that considerable amounts of untreated and/or partially treated wastewater from industry and households have been discharged into the river, causing serious environmental problems. Trace metal concentrations in surface waters and in different sediment layers were analyzed at nine sample sites along the TLR. The enrichment factor, geo-accumulation index (I $_{geo}$), cluster analysis, and quality guidelines were used to assess the current status and potential risks arising from trace metal contamination. The Mn concentration in surface water exceeded the irrigation water standards at seven of the nine sites, and I $_{geo}$ values indicated that Cd was the most abundant trace metal in sediments at six of the nine sites. Sediments at all sites contained levels of trace metals that exceeded the maximum permissible concentrations of potentially toxic trace metals for crops, and all sediments were considered to be toxic to aquatic life. Cluster analysis revealed that TLR sediments could clearly be divided into three groups based on the degree of contamination. Accumulation of trace metals in sediments was in order of Cr > Cu > Ni > Zn > Pb > As > Mn.
Starting Page	3925
Ending Page	3936
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	18666280
Journal	Environmental Earth Sciences
Volume Number	73
Issue Number	7
e-ISSN	18666299
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2014-09-17
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Cluster analysis Geochemical indices Trace metal accumulation Quality guidelines Sediment Geology Hydrology/Water Resources Geochemistry Environmental Science and Engineering Terrestrial Pollution Biogeosciences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Global and Planetary Change Earth-Surface Processes Soil Science Environmental Chemistry Pollution Geology Water Science and Technology

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