NDLI: Statistical analysis of the hydrogeochemical evolution of groundwater in hard rock coastal aquifers of Thoothukudi district in Tamil Nadu, India

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Singaraja, C. Chidambaram, S. Prasanna, M. V. Thivya, C. Thilagavathi, R.
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	The study of groundwater hydrogeochemistry of a hard rock aquifer system in Thoothukudi district has resulted in a large geochemical data set. A total of 100 water samples representing various lithologies like Hornblende Biotite Gneiss, Alluvium Marine, alluvium Fluvial, Quartzite, Charnockite, Granite and Sandstone were collected for two different seasons and analyzed for major ions like Ca$^{2+}$, Mg$^{2+}$, Na$^{+}$, K$^{+}$, HCO$_{3}$ $^{−}$, Cl$^{−}$, SO$_{4}$ $^{2−}$, NO$_{3}$ $^{−}$, PO$_{4}$ $^{−}$, F$^{−}$ and H$_{4}$SiO$_{4}$. Statistical analysis of the data has been attempted to unravel the hidden relationship between ions. Correlation analyses and factor analyses were applied to classify the groundwater samples and to identify the geochemical processes controlling groundwater geochemistry. Factor analysis indicates that sea water intrusion followed by leaching of secondary salts, weathering and anthropogenic impacts are the dominant factors controlling hydrogeochemistry of groundwater in the study area. Factor score overlay indicate major active hydrogeochemical regimes are spread throughout the Eastern, Northwestern and Southeastern parts of the study area. The dominant ions controlling the groundwater chemistry irrespective of season are Cl$^{−}$, Na$^{+}$, Mg$^{2+}$, Ca$^{2+}$, SO$_{4}$ $^{2−}$, K$^{+}$ and NO$_{3}$ $^{−}$. An attempt has also been made to note the seasonal variation of the factor representations in the study area. This study also illustrates the usefulness of statistical analysis to improve the understanding of groundwater systems and estimates of the extent of salinity/salt water intrusion.
Starting Page	451
Ending Page	464
Page Count	14
File Format	PDF
ISSN	18666280
Journal	Environmental Earth Sciences
Volume Number	71
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	18666299
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2013-04-10
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Hydrogeochemistry Coastal aquifers Sea water intrusion Correlation Factor analysis Geology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Global and Planetary Change Earth-Surface Processes Soil Science Environmental Chemistry Pollution Geology Water Science and Technology

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