NDLI: In situ Raman observation of the crystallization in NaNO$_{3}$–Na$_{2}$SO$_{4}$–H$

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Linnow, Kirsten Steiger, Michael Lemster, Christine Clercq, Hilde Jovanović, Maja
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	Several double salts have been detected in building materials and most of these salts are incongruently soluble compounds. In contrast to single salts, however, no systematic investigations of the crystallization behavior and deleterious effects of incongruently soluble double salts exist. To assess the damage potential of these salts, a systematic investigation of their highly complex behavior is desirable. This paper deals with the crystallization behavior of various solids in the ternary mixed NaNO$_{3}$–Na$_{2}$SO$_{4}$ system including the formation of the double salt darapskite, Na$_{3}$NO$_{3}$SO$_{4}$·H$_{2}$O. The crystallization sequence during droplet evaporation experiments at room conditions was determined using Raman and polarization microscopy. The basic idea of this research is to use deviations of the crystallization sequence of a salt or a mixed salt solution from the equilibrium pathway as an indicator to detect the degree of supersaturation. The observed crystallization pathway includes the formation of the metastable phases Na$_{2}$SO$_{4}$(III), Na$_{2}$SO$_{4}$(V) and darapskite. The experimental observations are discussed on the basis of the NaNO$_{3}$–Na$_{2}$SO$_{4}$–H$_{2}$O phase diagram and the results provide evidence for crystal growth from highly supersaturated solutions in both systems. If the crystals growing under these conditions are confined, these supersaturations result in substantial crystallization pressures.
Starting Page	1609
Ending Page	1620
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	18666280
Journal	Environmental Earth Sciences
Volume Number	69
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	18666299
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2012-10-11
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Salt crystallization Double salts Raman microscopy Metastable phases Crystallization pressure Geology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Global and Planetary Change Earth-Surface Processes Soil Science Environmental Chemistry Pollution Geology Water Science and Technology

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