NDLI: Geochemical characteristics of fluoride in groundwater of Gimcheon, Korea: lithogenic and agricultural origins

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Kim, Yeongkyoo Kim, Jong Yong Kim, Kangjoo
Copyright Year	2010
Abstract	The occurrence of fluoride in groundwaters can be influenced by many factors. In Korea, the fluoride-rich groundwaters are normally associated with rock types, especially granite and gneiss. In Gimcheon, high-fluoride groundwaters (up to a maximum of 2.15 mg/L) were observed with bimodal distribution of concentrations. The groundwater in this area showed relatively high concentrations of anthropogenic chemicals such as nitrate, chloride, and sulfate. Statistical analysis showed that fluoride is positively correlated with pH, alkalinity, sodium, and lithium, indicating that the interaction with granite is the main cause enriching its concentration. In Gimcheon, δ$^{18}$O data of groundwater showed a negative correlation with nitrate and can be used as an indicator of groundwater age. The four samples of fluoride-rich groundwater were plotted in the light δD and δ$^{18}$O region, showing that they were the result of long water–rock reaction. However, other groundwater with a low-fluoride concentration was evenly distributed throughout all δD and δ$^{18}$O ranges and did not show a statistically significant correlation with nitrate, indicating possible mixing with another source of fluoride. Considering the influence from the surface on the geochemical characteristics of groundwater in this area, anthropogenic sources including phosphate fertilizer containing fluoride and pesticides may also have partly contributed to the concentrations of fluoride in the low-fluoride groundwater. The scattered distribution of fluoride-rich groundwater and the significant correlation with lithium suggest that pegmatite is the main rock type increasing fluoride concentration in this area.
Starting Page	1139
Ending Page	1148
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	18666280
Journal	Environmental Earth Sciences
Volume Number	63
Issue Number	5
e-ISSN	18666299
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2010-10-15
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	High-fluoride groundwater Water–rock interaction Fertilizer δD and δ$^{18}$O Pegmatite Geology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Global and Planetary Change Earth-Surface Processes Soil Science Environmental Chemistry Pollution Geology Water Science and Technology

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