NDLI: Reactive modelling of CO$_{2}$ intrusion into freshwater aquifers: current requirements, approaches and limitations to account for temperature and pressure effects

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Fahrner, S. Schäfer, D. Dethlefsen, F. Dahmke, A.
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	The modelling of CO$_{2}$ intrusion into virtual freshwater aquifers after a leakage from CO$_{2}$ storage formations is a well-established approach for the identification of monitoring parameters and for the risk assessment. At presence, standard or close-to-standard conditions in terms of temperature (T), i.e. 25 °C and pressure (P), i.e. 1–5 bar, are assumed. This approach neglects the fact that temperature and pressure conditions change with the depth of the freshwater aquifer. This study tests the accuracy of T–P corrections of the geochemical constants in the system gaseous CO$_{2}$–water–mineral which are performed by the simulators PhreeqC (Parkhurst and Appelo in User’s guide to phreeqc (version 2)—a computer program for speciation, batch reaction, one-dimensional transport, and inverse geochemical calculations. Technical report, US Department of the Interior, 1999) and TOUGHREACT (Xu et al. in Toughreact user’s guide: a simulation program for non-isothermal multiphase reactive geochemical transport in variably saturated geologic media. Technical report, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 2004). It further identifies the impact of T and P variations on the predicted concentrations of the monitoring parameters pH and total inorganic carbon (TIC) and on the predicted concentration of the trace metal lead (Pb) in 3D multiphase-multicomponent simulations of virtual aquifers. The results reveal a strong imprecision in the correction of kinetic rates of mineral dissolution and a lack of corrections of sorption equilibrium states. The predicted pH and concentrations of TIC and lead depend strongly on the assumed T and P conditions. It is concluded that a neglect of T and P effects results in inaccurate predictions of groundwater chemistry. The impact assessment and monitoring strategies based on currently available modelling results consequently require strong improvements.
Starting Page	2269
Ending Page	2283
Page Count	15
File Format	PDF
ISSN	18666280
Journal	Environmental Earth Sciences
Volume Number	67
Issue Number	8
e-ISSN	18666299
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2012-04-19
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	CCS Leakage Freshwater aquifers Numerical simulation Impact assessment Monitoring Geology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Global and Planetary Change Earth-Surface Processes Soil Science Environmental Chemistry Pollution Geology Water Science and Technology

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