NDLI: Qanat hazard in Iranian urban areas: explanation and remedies

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Abbasnejad, Ahmad Abbasnejad, Behnam Derakhshani, Reza Hemmati Sarapardeh, Alireza
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	This article explains the qanat hazard in Iranian urban areas. Each qanat consists of an underground gallery (tunnel) which conveys groundwater to the surface, and several to tens of vertical wells (shafts) which provide access to the gallery. It is estimated that about 10,000 km qanats with 300,000 wells lie under Iranian urban areas. Their number under urban areas of the other countries containing it seems to be significant as well. In Iran, subsidence and other problems related to shafts and galleries of hidden qanats impose millions of dollars damage annually. Despite the importance of the qanat hazard, it has not yet received enough attention from scholars. In this article, qanat hazard as a special kind of geological hazard is explained from such aspects as the causes, the extents, the impacts and the various remedies to combat this hazard. Remedies to abate this hazard should include hazard assessment, risk assessment and risk reduction phases. Generally, the most efficient strategy is to detect qanats using aerial photos, maps or inquiring local people and construct the buildings in hazard-prone areas with spread footing foundations. However, this is not applicable in all occasions. So, depending on conditions, some other strategies which are provided in the text may be more effective.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	14
Page Count	14
File Format	PDF
ISSN	18666280
Journal	Environmental Earth Sciences
Volume Number	75
Issue Number	19
e-ISSN	18666299
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2016-09-30
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Ground subsidence Water management Urban geology Overpumpage Sinkhole Groundwater mismanagement Geology Hydrology/Water Resources Geochemistry Environmental Science and Engineering Terrestrial Pollution Biogeosciences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Global and Planetary Change Earth-Surface Processes Soil Science Environmental Chemistry Pollution Geology Water Science and Technology

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
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3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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Qanat hazard in Iranian urban areas: explanation and remedies

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Qanat is not a hazard : Rebuttal to “Qanat hazard in Iranian urban areas: explanation and remedies” by Abbasnejad A, Abbasnejad B, Derakhshani R, Hemmati Sarapardeh A (Environ Earth Sci 2016; 75: 1306)

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Qanat hazard in Iranian urban areas: explanation and remedies