NDLI: Transport and mobilization of multiwall carbon nanotubes in quartz sand under varying saturation

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Mekonen, Abenezer Sharma, Prabhakar Fagerlund, Fritjof
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	In this study, a series of sand packed columns were used to investigate the mobility of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in unsaturated porous media under unfavorable conditions for deposition. The flow through column experiments were designed to assess water content, flow rate, and grain size effect on the mobility of MWCNTs. It was found that variation in water content had no significant effect on retention of MWCNTs until it was lowered to 16 % effective saturation. Thick water films, high flow rate, and repulsive forces between MWCNTs and porous media made MWCNTs highly mobile. Different porous media grain sizes (D $_{50}$ = 150–300 μm) were used in this study. The mobility of MWCNTs slightly decreased in finer grain sands, which was deemed to be an effect of increase in surface area and the number of depositional sites, in combination with low-pore water velocity. However, physical straining was not observed in selected fine-grain sands and aspect ratio of MWCNTs had low impact on mobility. Variations in pore-water velocity were produced by both changes in water saturation and in flow rate. At high pore-water velocities, the MWCNTs were generally mobile. However, for the combination of low-pore water velocity with either low water saturation or small grain size, some retention of MWCNTs was observed. Hence, low velocity in combination with flow through smaller pores increased MWCNT deposition.
Starting Page	3751
Ending Page	3760
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	18666280
Journal	Environmental Earth Sciences
Volume Number	71
Issue Number	8
e-ISSN	18666299
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2013-09-19
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	MWCNTs Mobility Unsaturated porous media Water content Flow rate Geology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Global and Planetary Change Earth-Surface Processes Soil Science Environmental Chemistry Pollution Geology Water Science and Technology

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