NDLI: Probabilistic spatio-temporal retrieval in smart spaces

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Menon, Vivek Jayaraman, Bharat Govindaraju, Venu
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	A ‘smart space’ is one that automatically identifies and tracks its occupants using unobtrusive biometric modalities such as face, gait, and voice in an unconstrained fashion. Information retrieval in a smart space is concerned with the location and movement of people over time. Towards this end, we abstract a smart space by a probabilistic state transition system in which each state records the probabilities of presence of individuals in various zones of the smart space. We carry out track-based reasoning on the states in order to determine more accurately the occupants of the smart space. This leads to a data model based upon an occupancy relation in which time is treated discretely, owing to the discrete nature of events, but probability is treated as a real-valued attribute. Using this data model, we show how to formulate a number of spatio-temporal queries, focusing on the computation of probabilities, an aspect that is novel to this model. We present queries both in SQL syntax and also in CLP(R), a constraint logic programming language (with reals) which facilitates succinct formulation of recursive queries. We show that the answers to certain queries are better displayed in a graphical manner, especially the movement tracks of occupants of the smart space. We also define query-dependent precision and recall metrics in order to quantify how well the model is able to answer various spatio-temporal queries. We show that a query-dependent metric gives significantly better results for a class of occupancy-related queries compared with query-independent metrics.
Starting Page	383
Ending Page	392
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	18685137
Journal	Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing
Volume Number	5
Issue Number	3
e-ISSN	18685145
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2013-07-13
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Smart spaces Abstract framework Biometrics Recognition Retrieval Precision Recall Data model Spatio-temporal queries CLP(R) Computational Intelligence Artificial Intelligence (incl. Robotics) Robotics and Automation User Interfaces and Human Computer Interaction
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Computer Science

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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