NDLI: Exploitation of Orange Peel for Fungal Solubilization of Rock Phosphate by Solid State Fermentation

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Gaind, Sunita
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	Present investigation focused on solubilization of Mussoorie rock phosphate (MRP) and Udaipur rock phosphate (URP) by fermentative production of organic acids from orange peel (Citrus sinensis) by Aspergillus awamori (F18). Adopting solid state fermentation (SSF) technology, fungus could be cultivated successfully on the autoclaved peel–rock phosphate mixture. To optimize the P release from the rock phosphates, the effect of process variables, such as bed load (2.5 and 5.0 g orange peel 100 ml$^{−1}$ flask), the inoculum concentration (10, 20 and 40 %), the moisture content [57, 75 and 100 % of the maximum water retention capacity (MWRC) of the dried substrate] and incubation period (6–24 days) was investigated. Highest soluble P content of 1393.7 µg g$^{−1}$ substrate was obtained on 24th days of incubation in bed load of 5.0 g substrate, supplemented with URP at humidification pattern of 75 % MWRC and 20 % inoculum (v/w). The recorded increase in soluble P content was 57 %, compared to its 2.5 g bed load counterpart. Oxalic, citric, succinic and malic acid were detected in fermented extract of both MRP and URP. However, their release was affected by the moisture content. Application of fermented orange peel–rock phosphate mixture in soil–plant system improved the available P and phosphatase activity of wheat grown soil by >45 %, compared to conventional practices. Production of soluble P fertilizer using orange peel in SSF is an economical and environment friendly technology that can find application in possible reduction of chemical P input in soil.
Starting Page	1351
Ending Page	1360
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISSN	18772641
Journal	Waste and Biomass Valorization
Volume Number	8
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	1877265X
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2016-09-03
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Fungi Oxalic acid Orange peel Rock phosphate Solid state fermentation Engineering Environment Renewable and Green Energy Industrial Pollution Prevention Waste Management/Waste Technology Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Waste Management and Disposal Environmental Engineering Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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