NDLI: Feasibility Study on Windrow Co-composting to Recycle Industrial Eggshell Waste

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Quina, Margarida J. Soares, Micaela A. R. Ribeiro, Andreia A. Marques, Ana P. Costa, Isabel H. Magalhães, Maria C.
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	The main objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of recycling large quantities of industrial eggshell waste through turned windrows composting in order to obtain a value-added soil improver. For that, four different formulations were tested to produce stable composts with adequate properties to be further used for agronomic applications such as amendment in soils with acid characteristics and/or with low calcium concentration. The eggshell waste is mainly an inorganic animal by-product, and thus its co-composting was conducted with farm wastes (horse and chicken manures) and grass clipping. The windrows were aerated periodically and monitored during 50 days regarding temperature, moisture, pH, conductivity, and carbon/nitrogen ratio (C/N). The thermophilic phase lasted for 10–20 days. At the end, moisture, pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter, C/N ratio, and toxic heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Pb, Cu, Ni, Zn) were determined. The microbiological assessment involved total mesophilic heterotrophic bacteria, total coliform bacteria, thermotolerant coliform bacteria, E.coli and spores of sulphite-reducing clostridia. The assessment of maturity based on germination index and stability by using Dewar self-heating test and respirometry showed that all the composts were mature and stable, with adequate properties for agronomic applications. This study evidenced that large quantities (up to 30 % in weight) of eggshell waste may be converted into calcium-rich marketable compost by thermophilic windrows composting.
Starting Page	87
Ending Page	95
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	18772641
Journal	Waste and Biomass Valorization
Volume Number	5
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	1877265X
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2013-02-16
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Eggshell waste Animal by-product Composting Windrow composting system Engineering Environment Renewable and Green Energy Industrial Pollution Prevention Waste Management/Waste Technology Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Waste Management and Disposal Environmental Engineering Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment

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