NDLI: Limits of Design for Recycling and “Sustainability”: A Review

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Limits of Design for Recycling and “Sustainability”: A Review

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Reuter, M. A.
Copyright Year	2011
Abstract	Metals and materials play a pivotal role in society as their properties impart unique functionality to engineered structures and consumer products. Metals are theoretically infinitely recyclable; however, the functionality and design of consumer product complicate recycling due to their ever more complex structures producing un-liberated low grade and complex recyclates. Metallurgical smelting ingenuity, good technology and intelligent use of thermodynamics and transfer processes gets metallurgists and recyclers a far way down the path of creating high recycling rates from a large range of primary concentrates and recyclates. However, the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics teaches us the practical limits of recycling in terms of entropy creation, which is determined by the complexity of the recyclates and hence to the economics of processing/technology and metal/energy recovery. The usual simple accounting type tools do not rise to the challenge. Therefore, a key issue for the creation of “sustainable systems” and hence the minimization of waste (or in other words achieve high recycling rates) is the creation of optimal industrial ecological systems with optimally linked Best Available Techniques (BAT). This must maximize the recovery of materials from ores and recyclates within the boundaries of consumer behaviour, product design/functionality, thermodynamics, legislation, technology and economics. Examples will show how recyclate quality/grade predicted by recycling models affects entropy creation, while also reviewing various published methodologies. This paper shows that simulation models are a prerequisite to designing “sustainable” systems as these can predict recyclate grade/quality/losses/toxicity of streams, the link to entropy and economics and the realization of company ideals and mission statements in this regard. In other words, to dematerialize society requires detail input by engineers, their predictive tools and economic based design approaches to engineer a sustainable future.
Starting Page	183
Ending Page	208
Page Count	26
File Format	PDF
ISSN	18772641
Journal	Waste and Biomass Valorization
Volume Number	2
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	1877265X
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2011-01-21
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Design End-of-life products Metallurgy Sustainability Recycling Thermodynamics Waste processing Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology Environment Engineering Industrial Pollution Prevention Waste Management/Waste Technology Renewable and Green Energy
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Waste Management and Disposal Environmental Engineering Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment

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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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